EEBio 111 Specimens-Birds

Emu
Class: Aves
Ratite Lineage
Order: Struthioniformes
Distribution: Australia and New Guinea
Ecology: flightless birds
Diet: variable including carnivores, herbivores and insectivores
Beak:
Characteristics: flightless, wings usually reduced, sternum lacking large keel; typically long-necked, legs muscular and adapted for running
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Terms in this set (56)
Emu
Class: Aves
Ratite Lineage
Order: Struthioniformes
Distribution: Australia and New Guinea
Ecology: flightless birds
Diet: variable including carnivores, herbivores and insectivores
Beak:
Characteristics: flightless, wings usually reduced, sternum lacking large keel; typically long-necked, legs muscular and adapted for running
Image: Emu Class: Aves Ratite Lineage Order: Struthioniformes Distribution: Australia and New Guinea Ecology: flightless birds Diet: variable including carnivores, herbivores and insectivores Beak: Characteristics: flightless, wings usually reduced, sternum lacking large keel; typically long-necked, legs muscular and adapted for running
California Quail
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Galliformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: ground dwelling, some sexual dimorphism
Diet: herbivorous or insectivorous
Beak: short and conical
Characteristics: wings short; feet adapted for walking and scratching in dirt
Image: California Quail Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Galliformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: ground dwelling, some sexual dimorphism Diet: herbivorous or insectivorous Beak: short and conical Characteristics: wings short; feet adapted for walking and scratching in dirt
Blue Grouse
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Galliformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: ground dwelling, some sexual dimorphism
Diet: herbivorous or insectivorous
Beak: short and conical
Characteristics: wings short; feet adapted for walking and scratching in dirt
Image: Blue Grouse Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Galliformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: ground dwelling, some sexual dimorphism Diet: herbivorous or insectivorous Beak: short and conical Characteristics: wings short; feet adapted for walking and scratching in dirt
Cinnamon Teal
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Anseriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic
Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates
Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill
Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Image: Cinnamon Teal Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Anseriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Red-breasted Merganser
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Anseriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic
Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates
Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill
Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Image: Red-breasted Merganser Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Anseriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Mallard
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Anseriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic
Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates
Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill
Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Image: Mallard Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Anseriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: mostly aquatic (marine and freshwater) and gregarious; ducks usually sexually dimorphic Diet: feed on a variety of plants and invertebrates Beak: short lamellate (flat) bill Characteristics: feet palmate; tail usually short
Black Phoebe
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Passeriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable
Diet:
Beak:
Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Image: Black Phoebe Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
American Robin
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Passeriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable
Diet:
Beak:
Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Image: American Robin Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
European Starling
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Passeriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable
Diet:
Beak:
Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Image: European Starling Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Common Raven
Class: Aves
Neognathae Lineage
Order: Passeriformes
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable
Diet:
Beak:
Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Image: Common Raven Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalization
Brewer's Blackbird Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationNorthern Mockingbird Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationHouse Wren Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationRed-winged blackbird Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationWestern Scrub-Jay Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationLoggerhead Shrike Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationBarn Swallow Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationHouse Finch Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationSong Sparrow Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationHouse Sparrow Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Passeriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: found in a variety of habitats with variable Diet: Beak: Characteristics: morphology highly variable usually with complex songs and vocalizationPileated Woodpecker Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Piciformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: use long sticky tongue for feeding Diet: feed on tree burrowing insects Beak: long, stout and chisel-shaped for chiseling wood Characteristics: rectrices (tail feathers) stiff for support; zygodactylous feetNorther Flicker Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Piciformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: use long sticky tongue for feeding Diet: feed on tree burrowing insects Beak: long, stout and chisel-shaped for chiseling wood Characteristics: rectrices (tail feathers) stiff for support; zygodactylous feetAllens Hummingbird Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Apodiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: nectivorous and important pollinators for many plants Diet: nectivorous and insectivores Beak: bill tubular Characteristics: legs are short and feet are small, wings pointedAnna's Hummingbird Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Apodiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: nectivorous and important pollinators for many plants Diet: nectivorous and insectivores Beak: bill tubular Characteristics: legs are short and feet are small, wings pointedWhite-throated Swift Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Apodiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: nectivorous and important pollinators for many plants Diet: nectivorous and insectivores Beak: bill short and wide Characteristics: legs are short and feet are small, wings pointedCommon Poorwill Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Caprimulgiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: active during twilight (crepuscular) Diet: aerial insectivores Beak: short and wide Characteristics: wide gape surrounded with bristle-like feathers; legs and feet smallGreat Horned Owl Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Strigiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: feathers modified for silent flight; nocturnal Diet: predators Beak: hooked for tearing flesh Characteristics: feet raptorial; eyes large with binocular vision; distinct facial ruff (disk of facial feathers)Barn Owl Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Strigiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: feathers modified for silent flight; nocturnal Diet: predators Beak: hooked for tearing flesh Characteristics: feet raptorial; eyes large with binocular vision; distinct facial ruff (disk of facial feathers)Greater Roadrunner Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Cuculiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: nest parasites (laying their own eggs in the nests of other species) Diet: mainly insects and other invertebrates Beak: curved and slender Characteristics: tails long; zygodactylous feetAmerican Coot Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Gruiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: usually inhabit marshes; usually very secretive being heard more than seen; strong flying in open marshes and weak flying in dense marshes Diet: omnivorous, can dive for food or eat on land Beak: short, thick bill Characteristics: tail short; wings short and roundedClapper Rail Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Gruiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: usually inhabit marshes; usually very secretive being heard more than seen; strong flying in open marshes and weak flying in dense marshes Diet: omnivore Beak: long beak used to probe for food Characteristics: tail short; wings short and roundedWestern Gull Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedLong-billed Curlew Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedRing-billed gull Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedKilldeer Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedAmerican Avocet Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedBlack-necked Stilt Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedLong-billed Dowitcher Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedSanderling Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedLeast tern Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedWillet Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Charadriiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: primarily aquatic or nearshore, strong fliets, often colonial, commonly referred to as shorebirds Diet: fishes or sand-dwelling invertebrates Beak: adapted for grabbing fish or probing in sand Characteristics: legs often long; feet palmate or semi-palmate, wings pointedMourning Dove Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Columbiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: widely distributed and well adapted for exploiting most non-aquatic habitats, generally homogenous group Diet: mainly herbivorous Beak: bill short and slender with constriction Characteristics: neck and legs shortPeregrine Falcon Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Falconiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: feed during the day (diurnal), females usually larger than males Diet: birds of prey Beak: hooked for tearing flesh Characteristics: feet raptorial with large talonsAmerican Kestrel Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Falconiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: feed during the day (diurnal), females usually larger than males Diet: birds of prey Beak: hooked for tearing flesh Characteristics: feet raptorial with large talonsRed-tailed hawk Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Accipitriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: diurnal birds of prey, long-lived Diet: carnivores Beak: curved for tearing flesh Characteristics: raptorial feet, long and broad wingsRed-shouldered Hawk Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Accipitriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: diurnal birds of prey, long-lived Diet: carnivores Beak: curved for tearing flesh Characteristics: raptorial feet, long and broad wingsCooper's Hawk Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Accipitriformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: diurnal birds of prey, long-lived Diet: carnivores Beak: curved for tearing flesh Characteristics: raptorial feet, long and broad wingsBlack-crowned Night Heron Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Ciconiiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: wading birds Diet: mainly fish but also eat frogs and aquatic invertebrates Beak: long and straight Characteristics: neck and legs long; feet semipalmate in someGreat Blue Heron Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Ciconiiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: wading birds Diet: mainly fish but also eat frogs and aquatic invertebrates Beak: long and straight Characteristics: neck and legs long; feet semipalmate in someSnowy Egret Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Ciconiiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: wading birds Diet: mainly fish but also eat frogs and aquatic invertebrates Beak: long and straight Characteristics: neck and legs long; feet semipalmate in someBrandts Cormorant Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Pelecaniformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: aquatic (marine and freshwater); often colonial Diet: fish and squid Beak: bill long Characteristics: totipalmate feet; nostrils rudimentary or absent; throat with gular pouchBrown Pelican Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Pelecaniformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: aquatic (marine and freshwater); often colonial Diet: fish and squid Beak: bill long Characteristics: totipalmate feet; nostrils rudimentary or absent; throat with gular pouchSooty Shearwater Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Procellariiformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: marine habitats, may eject foul smelling stomach contents as a defense mechanism Diet: fish and squid Beak: distinctive tubular nose, hooked bill Characteristics: high aspect ratio wings for soaring across waves; plumage dense and waterproof, feet palmatePied-billed Grebe Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Podicipediformes Distribution: Cosmopolitan Ecology: aquatic (marine and freshwater), nests often on floating reed platforms Diet: fish and invertebrates Beak: spear-shaped bills Characteristics: feet lobate; legs positioned far back on body for strong diving; tail rudimentaryGalapagos Penguin Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Sphenisciformes Distribution: Southern Hemisphere Ecology: marine Diet: primarily on fish and marine invertebrates Beak: Characteristics: flightless; wings modified as flippers; feet palmateCommon Loon Class: Aves Neognathae Lineage Order: Gaviiformes Distribution: Holartic Ecology: aquatic (marine and freshwater) Diet: fish Beak: spear shaped bill Characteristics: feet palmate, legs positioned far back on body for strong diving, tail short