NUR 315: Self Concept, Sleep, Stress (Quiz 11-12-21)

Term
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how one thinks about oneself


The total beliefs, attitudes and opinions that one holds to be true about oneself


It is your answer to, "Who do you think you are?"
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Terms in this set (62)
how one thinks about oneself


The total beliefs, attitudes and opinions that one holds to be true about oneself


It is your answer to, "Who do you think you are?"
Self Concept
Learn that the physical self is different from the environment
Infants
Internalizes what others say, parents and peers
Child
internalize standards of society
How do I compare with others
Child and Adult
Self-actualization and self-adjustment- this is who I am
Adults
They might feel they are being discriminated against. Culture can influence who you think you are
Culture can be influential.
how competent are you in doing the things that are expected of you
Sense of competency
Feeling good based on living up to one's moral and ethical standards
Virtue
Having a structured life-style and sense of security
Consistently set limits
they feel like a failure all the time because they are frustrated with themselves.
Realistic goals that are too high
you do not think they are capable to getRealistic goals that are too lowA sense of wholeness and separateness One must develop appropriate boundaries and ability to make own decisions One starts off basing things on the perceptions of others, but learns to develop Autonomy and separateness Boundary issues can be problematic in professional roles. One's sense of identity is often set at the end of adolescence and the beginning of young adulthood, when leaving the family homeIdentityattitudes related to one's physical appearance, structure, or function of the bodyBody imageDevelopment changes at adolescence and old age, illness, surgery, geneticsStressors for body imagePregnancy, surgeries, scars, brain attacks, amputation, mastectomy, obesityExamples of body image issuePerson does not feel as if he/she belongs to any group or job, et. Listen to the person and refer for counseling if needed.Nursing diagnosis: Disturbed personal identity: difficulty with intimacy and relationshipsListen to the person's concerns Encourage participation in care Convey acceptance and approach in a matter of fact way Help with family issues Refer to support groups: ostomies, reach for recoveryNursing diagnosis: Disturbed body imageone's perceptions of one's abilities to carry out various roles. Ex: Student, spouse, parent, boyfriend/girlfriend, employee, nurseRole performancemay result from role conflict (Ex: in relationship but also a student. Conflicted with what to do), role ambiguity, role strain, and role overload- Caregiver role strain is an example Often illness impacts one's ability to continue in the same roles. Families often have to make adjustments in past roles either temporarily or permanently. Does one need to take disability or can one continue in one's job. Collaborate with the team: may need social work involvement, OT, etc. Nurses can provide much health teaching here and ways to adaptNursing diagnosis: Ineffective role performanceHow one feels about oneself The difference between the real and ideal selSelf- Esteema risk factor for making one vulnerable to poor health. Might deny treatment and may not feel worthyLow-self esteemstrong social relationships support good health.High self-esteemoften applies to people with depression. Feel negative about the world, people, future, etc.Chronic low self-esteema temporary issue due to a current stressor which may be an illness. Ex: parents getting divorced, eating your feelings, etc.Situational low self-esteema physiological process that alternates with longer periods of wakefulnessStages Of SleepBiological functions slow HR falls to 60 beats/minute or less Respirations, blood pressure, muscle tone decreaseNREMhuman growth hormone is released for repair and renewal of some cellsstage 4 NREMProtein synthesis and cell division for renewal occursFunctions of sleepImportant in cognitive restoration REM dreams are more vivid and seem to be important to learning, memory, and Adapting to stressREMIrritability, confusion, suspicion, memory loss, poor motor performance, Decrease in immune functioning, may increase overeatingSleep deprivationdiagnosed in sleep labs by polysomnogramSleep disordersMost common sleep disorderobstructive sleep apnealarge neck circumference, nasal polyps, deviated septumRisk factors for obstructive sleep apneaExcessive daytime sleepiness, snoringSymptoms of Obstructive Sleep ApneaWhat contributes to hypertension, heart attack, and brain attack?Obstructive Sleep ApneaA disruption in mechanisms that regulate sleep and wakefulnessNarcolepsySymptoms of narcolepsy that has muscle weakness during intense emotionsCataplexystimulants or wakefulness promoting medicationsTreatments for narcolepsysleep problems more common in children Somnambulism, night terrors, nightmares Safety is key factor for nurses ReferralParasomniasdifficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, and or short sleep Can be due to a stress Poor sleep hygiene, medical conditions Medications Can be primaryInsomniaTeaching client about sleep hygiene chartReadiness for Enhanced Sleepa neurohormone produced by the brain to promote sleep Can be bought over the counter, to be taken 2 hours before bedMelatoninA biological, psychological, social, or chemical factor that causes physical or emotional tension and may be a factor in the etiology of certain diseases. Any stimulus that is seen as a challenge or threatStressorThere are three different ways in which stress has been developed as a concept in health care literature. a biological response; stress as an environmental event; stress as a transaction between an individual and the environment.StressFrom the 1956 research of Hans Selye on the neurophysiological responses of the body to stress, called theGeneral Adaptation SyndromeWhen an individual's physical or behavioral response to any change in the internal or external environment results in individual integrity or return to equilibrium.Adaptation/Recoverydecreases cortisoloxytocinIt is the relationship between characteristics of the person and the nature of the environment. A stressor occurs (a precipitating event)Stress as a transaction between the individual and the environment.Occurs when the primary appraisal produces stress. The person appraisal own skills and available resources to deal with the event.Secondary Cognitive Appraisalthe use of adaptive coping strategies when dealing with stressorsStress Managementwhat's wrong with them and have them visualize it. Whenever you have them go through this, have them something positive changing that. (EX: person says they have a black cloud over their head. Then you have them have the sun break through the cloud).Visualization (Guided imagery)go through whole body and relax each muscleMuscle Relaxationthe situation that results when the person can no longer deal or cope with the event and is in a state of physical or psychological disequilibrium.Crisisgenetics, family history, past experiences, success of past coping, current support systemsPredisposing factors to crisisperception of the event (cognitive appraisal)- realistic/unrealistic- devastating/challenge to be overcome Coping mechanisms-effective/ineffective Support systems- adequate/inadequateBalancing FactorsGoing to college, having a baby, getting married, etc. These are all transitions.Maturational/transitional stressthings that happen to you that you cannot plan for. Ex: you lose your job because of COVID, loss of a spouse, etc.Situationalvictim of something that survives. Ex: being in war, getting raped, etc.Socially Traumatichelp person plan or gain control over number of transitions, identify people at risk and develop support systems groups (reach for recovery, parent groups, etc.), help individuals develop adaptive coping skillsCrisis Intervention: Preventionstress management, exercise, etcExamples of crisis interventionHave the person describe the precipitating event and when it occurred Do a quick assessment of physical and mental status. Has the person had this happen before What coping mechanisms were used and what worked then? Any new coping now? Assess how effective the coping is. Assess support systems - Is there someone who will listen to that you can open up to? Person's perception of the stressor, own coping, and adequacy of support systemNursing Process Crisis Intervention: AssessmentAnxiety Risk for self or other directed violence- priority if exists Ineffective CopingPossible Nursing Diagnoses: Crisis Intervention