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med term summative

Terms in this set (56)

ingestion
Intake of food
digestion
Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
Absorption
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood
elimination
act of removal of materials from the body; in the digestive system, the removal of indigestible materials as feces
rugae of stomach
series of ridges produced by the folding of the wall of the stomach
Function:allow the stomach to expand when needed
enamel
hard, outermost layer of a tooth
dentin
Dense tissue forming the bulk of a tooth.
deglutition
the act of swallowing
bile
A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles.
Bilirubin
orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed
cecum
first part of the large intestine
duodenum
first part of the small intestine
ileum
third part of the small intestine
jejunum
second part of the small intestine
liver
hepat/o (produces bile)
sphincter
circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
bucc/o
cheek
cheil/o
lip
enter/o
small intestine
gloss/o
tongue
lingu/o
tongue
proct/o
anus and rectum
celi/o
belly, abdomen
hepat/o
liver
-ase
enzyme
-emesis
vomiting
-rrhage
bursting forth (of blood)
-spasm
involuntary contraction
-rrhagia
bursting forth (of blood)
-stasis
stopping, controlling
-tomy
to cut
LFTs
liver function tests
BM
bowel movement
CD
Celiac disease
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
G-tube
gastrostomy tube - feeding tube
GI
gastrointestinal
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
J-tube
jejunostomy tube - feeding tube
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
TPN
total parenteral nutrition
anorexia
loss of appetite
ascites
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
hematochezia
blood in stool
jaundice
yellowing of the skin
dental caries
tooth decay
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease
peptic ulcer
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
hernia
Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it
crohn disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
diverticulosis
abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon
Cirrhosis
chronic degenerative disease of the liver
gastric bypass
surgical treatment for obesity; portion of stomach is stapled off and bypassed so that it holds less food; also called stomach stapling
NG tube
carries food and medicine to the stomach through the nose. It can be used for all feedings or for giving a person extra calories
what are the 3 parts of the stomach
body, fundus, antrum
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