ch. 6 quiz

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Frederick Griffith conducted experiments where nonlethal bacterial acquired the ability to cause lethal pneumonia due to the presence of an unknown chemical. This chemical was later found to be
A) RNA.
B) a protein.
C) DNA.
D) nonhereditary material.
E) phosphorus.
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Frederick Griffith conducted experiments where nonlethal bacterial acquired the ability to cause lethal pneumonia due to the presence of an unknown chemical. This chemical was later found to be
A) RNA.
B) a protein.
C) DNA.
D) nonhereditary material.
E) phosphorus.
C) DNA.
Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in which they used radioactive isotopes of phosphorus and sulfur to label different components of bacterial viruses. Their results clearly showed that
A) DNA was entering into the infected bacteria.
B) the viruses did not contain protein.
C) the viruses did not contain DNA.
D) protein was entering into the infected bacteria.
E) genetic material normally contains radioactive isotopes.
A) DNA was entering into the infected bacteria.
Genes are composed of
A) DNA.
B) proteins.
C) chromosomes.
D) carbohydrates.
E) lipids.
A) DNA.
The structure of DNA was determined primarily by
A) Mendel.
B) Watson and Crick.
C) Pauling.
D) Hershey and Chase.
E) Griffith.
B) Watson and Crick.
What step in DNA replication precedes the pairing of complementary bases?
A) polymerization of DNA
B) separation of the two strands
C) joining of the two strands
D) mitotic division
E) formation of the histone core
B) separation of the two strands
Which is not true of DNA replication?
A) It occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle.
B) It functions similarly for all organisms.
C) It is semiconservative.
D) Both strands are synthesized in one direction only.
E) Both strands are synthesized continuously.
E) Both strands are synthesized continuously.
The most important experimental result that suggested to Watson and Crick that DNA was in the form of a helix was
A) the findings of Chargaff that DNA always had equal amounts of A and T and equal amounts of G and C.
B) Griffith's results with transformation.
C) the discovery that DNA is wound around histone proteins.
D) X-ray data from Rosalind Franklin.
E) understanding DNA replication.
D) X-ray data from Rosalind Franklin.
In a DNA double helix, each loop of the helix
A) is wound around histone proteins.
B) consists of 10 nucleotides.
C) always contains equal amounts of G and T.
D) contains the sugar-phosphate backbones in the interior of the helix.
E) represents one nucleotide.
A) is wound around histone proteins.
The two strands of DNA in a DNA double helix
A) are identical to each other.
B) are connected to each other by covalent chemical bonds.
C) both contain nucleotides, but the order of the nucleotides on the two strands is not related.
D) are oriented in the same direction.
E) are antiparallel to each other.
E) are antiparallel to each other.
Base pairing
A) occurs between identical bases.
B) required hydrogen bonds.
C) takes place between sugars and phosphates on the two strands in a helix.
D) explains the X-ray results from Rosalind Franklin.
E) occurs between A and C.
B) required hydrogen bonds.
Packaged DNA is referred to as A) chromosomes. B) histones. C) chromatin. D) protein. E) nucleosomes.C) chromatin.DNA replication involves all of the following steps except A) separation. B) joining. C) production of single-stranded DNA molecules. D) complementary base pairing. E) polymerization.C) production of single-stranded DNA molecules.DNA replication A) occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. B) does not require proteins. C) occurs in the G1 of interphase. D) takes place in the nucleus of the cell. E) is constantly happening in a cellD) takes place in the nucleus of the cell.DNA replication of a single DNA molecule is referred to as semiconservative because A) it results in two nonidentical DNA molecules. B) one DNA strand is replicated continuously, while the other must be replicated discontinuously. C) of the two DNA molecules, one is made up totally of parental DNA, while the other is entirely newly synthesized DNA. D) all the DNA strands in the two DNA molecules will have both parental and newly synthesized DNA> E) each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.E) each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.DNA replication occurs A) during cell division. B) continuously. C) before cell division. D) only one in the life of the organism. E) only in gametes.C) before cell division.A package of histones with DNA wrapped around them forms the spherical structures called A) nucleoli. B) chromatin. C) nucleosomes. D) ribosomes. E) lysosomes.C) nucleosomes.If DNA is likened to a ladder, what are the compounds that make up the sides of the ladder? A) phosphates and bases B) phosphates and sugars C) bases only D) phosphates only E) bases and sugarsB) phosphates and sugarsThe fact that the two strands composing a DNA molecule are called antiparallel has to do with the orientation of the A) sugar molecules. B) bases. C) phosphate molecules. D) hydrogen bonds. E) sulfide bonds.A) sugar molecules.What is the sugar molecule found in DNA? A) ribose B) phosphate C) deoxyribose D) oxyribose E) polymeraseC) deoxyriboseWhich of the researchers that elucidated the structure of DNA did not receive a Nobel Prize? A) Wilkins B) Franklin C) Crick D) Watson E) All four received a Nobel Prize.B) FranklinThe bases are bonded to what part of the backbone of the DNA molecule? A) the 1' carbon atom of the sugar molecule B) the 2' carbon atom of the sugar molecule C) the 3' carbon atom of the sugar molecule D) the 4' carbon atom of the sugar molecule E) the 5' carbon atom of the sugar moleculeA) the 1' carbon atom of the sugar moleculeNormal human body cells contain how many chromosomes? A) 22 B) 23 C) 46 D) 44 E) 42C) 46