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chapter 16 prep quiz

Terms in this set (32)

Under the doctrine of sovereign immunity, a citizen cannot take which action?
Sue the government without its consent
If a court rules a certain way on a case because previous cases of similar nature were subject to the same rule, that court is relying on which of the following?
Precedent
What is the function of the U.S. solicitor general?
approve every case the federal government presents to the Supreme Court.
Which of the following statements regarding state courts is true?
They make decisions on state law as long as these laws don't conflict with the U.S. Constitution.
Which of the following statements regarding a precedent is true?
It is the policy of following the law established by previous cases to decide other cases.
Which of the following statements about the Senate confirming federal judges is true?
Until recently, most judges were confirmed.
An opinion prepared by a judge who supports the court's decision but wishes to in some way clarify, emphasize, or offer different reasons is known as which of the following?
A concurring opinion
If California and Arizona sue each other over water usage from the Colorado River, the case can be heard only by which entity?
The supreme court
A lawsuit filed by one person on behalf of that person and all similarly situated individuals is known as which of the following kinds of lawsuit?
Class action
What is fee shifting?
The practice of getting the loser to pay court costs
The legal concept of precedent is expressed by which term?
Stare decisis
The Supreme Court entered its most active period with the arrival of which chief justice?
warren
The Court of Military Appeals is an example of which kind of court?
Legislative court
In addition to funding appeals, what else do interest groups do in the judicial arena?
Organize and bring cases to the courts
Which issues was the Supreme Court primarily occupied with between 1789 and the Civil War?
Slavery and national supremacy
What is illustrated by the litigation involving the four police officers accused of beating Rodney King?
Some defendants are tried in both state and federal courts.
Public opinion can serve as a check on the judiciary in which of the following ways?
Judges often believe they have an obligation to rule in a way that is consistent with public opinion.
What does the U.S. Constitution have to say about the size of the Supreme Court?
It does not indicate how large the Court should be.
A writ of certiorari by the U.S. Supreme Court orders which of the following to occur?
A lower court to send up the record of a case for review
In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the Court could declare an act of Congress unconstitutional?
Marbury v. Madison
What did the Supreme Court hold in McCulloch v. Maryland?
The federal government could pass any laws necessary and proper to the attainment of constitutional ends.
Jurisdiction refers to which of the following?
The authority of a court to hear a particular class of cases
When Congress passed a law that forbade anyone from carrying a gun near a school, why did the Supreme Court declare the law invalid?
Such behavior did not affect interstate commerce.
When can the U.S. Supreme Court review a state supreme court decision?
If a federal question is involved
The power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of a law or action is known as which of the following?
Judicial review
In many cases, a third party to a court case will file which of the following to support a particular outcome?
An amicus curiae brief
The United States has a dual court system, which means it has which of the following?
State and federal courts
The concept of senatorial courtesy refers to which of the following?
The practice of allowing senators to veto candidates for federal district courts in their state
Which entity creates legislative courts?
congress
Which of the following is true of someone's right to have their case heard by the U.S. Supreme Court?
It is almost entirely at the Court's discretion.
Which of the following occurs when the U.S. Supreme Court decides an issue?
All other courts are obligated to follow the Supreme Court's ruling.
The Court of Military Appeals is an example of which kind of court?
Legislative court
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