Quiz 2 art history

Apulu (Apollo of Veil)
Etruscan
6th century BCE

Would have been placed on the back top of the roof of a temple. Life-sized terracotta sculpture. Took lots of skill to manage a clay sculpture this large.
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Apulu (Apollo of Veil)
Etruscan
6th century BCE

Would have been placed on the back top of the roof of a temple. Life-sized terracotta sculpture. Took lots of skill to manage a clay sculpture this large.
Image: Apulu (Apollo of Veil) Etruscan 6th century BCE Would have been placed on the back top of the roof of a temple. Life-sized terracotta sculpture. Took lots of skill to manage a clay sculpture this large.
Reclining Couple Sarcophagus
Etruscan
(6th century BCE)

they look as though they are addressing the viewer. facial features similar to kouros figures. a type- not portraits. Female figure is gesturing as though she is talking to you.
Image: Reclining Couple Sarcophagus Etruscan (6th century BCE) they look as though they are addressing the viewer. facial features similar to kouros figures. a type- not portraits. Female figure is gesturing as though she is talking to you.
Patrician Carrying Portrait Busts of Two Ancestors
Rome
1st century BCE-1st century CE

Rome had an obsession with Greek sculpture. Naturalism- a lot in the fabric. Contraposso pose. Face is old- more realistic (than greek)
Image: Patrician Carrying Portrait Busts of Two Ancestors Rome 1st century BCE-1st century CE Rome had an obsession with Greek sculpture. Naturalism- a lot in the fabric. Contraposso pose. Face is old- more realistic (than greek)
Augustus of Primaporta
Rome
(1st century CE)

marble. originally it was painted. in the process of orating- hand is out. Contrapposto. Verism. Conveying a sense of peace and stability.
Image: Augustus of Primaporta Rome (1st century CE) marble. originally it was painted. in the process of orating- hand is out. Contrapposto. Verism. Conveying a sense of peace and stability.
Ara Pacis/Altar of Augustan Peace
Rome
(1st century CE)

originally painted. It was to do speeches in. Motifs all around it- allegories that refer to pax-romana. Roman security and stability.
Image: Ara Pacis/Altar of Augustan Peace Rome (1st century CE) originally painted. It was to do speeches in. Motifs all around it- allegories that refer to pax-romana. Roman security and stability.
Pantheon
Rome
(2nd century CE)

multimedia building. front is normal stone temple-rectangular. Interior is a circle, domed space- able to be built because of concrete. Visual surprise> perfect balance.
Image: Pantheon Rome (2nd century CE) multimedia building. front is normal stone temple-rectangular. Interior is a circle, domed space- able to be built because of concrete. Visual surprise> perfect balance.
Tetrarchs
Rome
(4th century CE)

carved from a purple marble (very hard). embedded in a cathedral. holding eachother- visibly connected- stability and support- stress symbol. Lots of tension because they all hold swords. Not individualized- represents equality. No cannon of proportions. Moving away from naturalism.
Image: Tetrarchs Rome (4th century CE) carved from a purple marble (very hard). embedded in a cathedral. holding eachother- visibly connected- stability and support- stress symbol. Lots of tension because they all hold swords. Not individualized- represents equality. No cannon of proportions. Moving away from naturalism.
Arch of Constantine / with Constantine Addressing an Audience
Rome
(4th century CE)

the arch- stylistically chaotic- many different styles. The frieze- no naturalism, no drama, stoic figures, Constantine is in the middle- importance.
Image: Arch of Constantine / with Constantine Addressing an Audience Rome (4th century CE) the arch- stylistically chaotic- many different styles. The frieze- no naturalism, no drama, stoic figures, Constantine is in the middle- importance.
Wall with Torah Niche
The Crossing of the Red Sea Catacomb of S.S. Peter and Marcellinus
Early Christian & Jewish Art
(3rd-4th century CE)

Moses is in it twice- signaling sequential moments in the narrative. left- he leans towards the army of pharaoh. Right wielding his authoritative staff- returns to the waters. Over each scene hovers a large hand- representing God's presence in both miracles. Hierarchal scale.
Image: Wall with Torah Niche The Crossing of the Red Sea Catacomb of S.S. Peter and Marcellinus Early Christian & Jewish Art (3rd-4th century CE) Moses is in it twice- signaling sequential moments in the narrative. left- he leans towards the army of pharaoh. Right wielding his authoritative staff- returns to the waters. Over each scene hovers a large hand- representing God's presence in both miracles. Hierarchal scale.
Wall with Torah Niche
Good Shepherd, Orants, and Story of Jonah
Early Christian & Jewish Art
(3rd century CE)

the ceiling is partitioned by a central medallion. The center is the good shepherd. The semicircles tell the story of Jonah- represents Jesus and the resurrection.
Image: Wall with Torah Niche Good Shepherd, Orants, and Story of Jonah Early Christian & Jewish Art (3rd century CE) the ceiling is partitioned by a central medallion. The center is the good shepherd. The semicircles tell the story of Jonah- represents Jesus and the resurrection.
Oratory of Galla Placidia; with The Good Shepherd Mosaic Early Christian & Jewish Art (5th century CE) bands of luxuriant floral designs and geometric patterns cover the arches and vaults. Opposite of the St. Lawrence mosaicAnthemius of Tralles and Isodorus of Miletus, Hagia Sophia Byzantine (6th century CE) "holy wisdom". hybrid of longitudinal and central architectural planning. dominated by a massive dome- but half-domes extend from the central space.San Vitale , with apse mosaic and Emperor and Empress mosaics Byzantine (6th century CE) The emperor and empress are wearing purple cloaks and elaborate crowns- signifying royalty. There is no solid ground-they look like they are floating- represents a holiness. thick lines.paired with anotherVirgin and Child with Saints and Angels Byzantine (6th century CE) iconic imagery- major controversy at the time. Mary was seen as an ever-forgiving intercessor to appeal to her divine son. The angels behind them look towards the heavens- the saints look directly towards the viewer.Prophet Muhammad and His Companions Traveling to the Fair Islamic 16th century aniconic imagery. stylized. elaborate border and decorationMihrab Islamic (14th century CE) Mosaic of glazed cut tiles on stonepaste- Patterning- no subject. Vibrant colors. Negative vs positive space.Great Mosque of Cordoba , prayer hall, mihrab, dome, maqsura Islamic (8th century CE) polychrome horseshoe arches. Hall of mirrors effect- loosing sense of direction- incites a meditative spirituality. Very visually complex dome.Mimar Sinan, Rüstem Pasha Mosque Islamic (16th century) Created for the treasurer of the emperor. Constructed above a market. Every surface is covered with tile. Low hanging lamps- light of god.Tughra Islamic (16th century CE) the official signature of the Sultan. Incredibly embellished. Delicate painting. dense blue, gold leaf. floral motifs. light metal work- creates a sense of texture.Temple of Shiva at Elephanta , with linga and Eternal Shiva India (6th century CE) the temple- carved into a mountain- represents Shiva's home atop a mountain. linga- abstract representation of Shiva. 5 heads- different expressions on each face. multiplicity. no fear in representation.Kandariya Mahadeva Temple , with erotic sculptures India (11th century CE) "the great God of the cave". dedicated to Shiva. There is a porch around the temple that people would walk through and around the temples as an act of worship. access to iconic and aniconic imagery. Sexuality=multiplicity and communing with the divine. implied unityShiva Nataraja, India 11th century lost wax casting. he is in the act of dancing. Dynamism of the figure. has 4 arms- multiplicity. Not a calm dance- when Shiva dances he destroys the world. there are flames in his hands and out his head.Angkor Wat , with Churning of the Sea of Milk Southeast Asia (12th century CE) Vishnu is trying to find the elixir of immortality, so he churns a sea of milk, accidentally creating the universe. giant snake. giant turtle.Jayavarman VII Southeast Asia (12th century CE) takes up representations of buddha as inspiration for his own portraits- ushnisha and earlobesBayon Southeast Asia (12-13th century CE) massive temple built like a maze- encouraged to wander through and contemplate. Hundreds of monumental faces carved in stone.Seated Figure of Gautama Buddha China (15th century CE) tibetan bronze sculptureGuo Xi, Early Spring, China 11th century CE hanging scroll- ink on silk. Imaginary landscape- escapism. Suggestion of objects rather than representation. almost no human life. Literati paintingPhoenix Hall; with Jocho, Amitaba Buddha Japan (11th century CE) phoenix- symbol for eternity. Symbols of pure-land Buddhism. Roof mimics the wings of a bird- phoenix sculptures on the roof.Phoenix Hall; with Jocho, Amitaba Buddha Japan 11th century CE Ushnisha, long ears. placed on a huge throne. intricate gold patterns and textures. able to walk around him (like stupa). a celestial being. Joined woodblock construction.Kosho, Kuya Preaching, Japan 13th century CE painted wood. Bodhisattva Buddha. Shown as a humble person- simple clothing. he has a gong. the viewer can almost imagine the sounds from the sculpture.Hinged Clasp, Sutton Hoo Early Medieval Art (7th century CE) small object, very detailed.Evangelist Matthew, Book of Durrow Early Medieval Art (7th century CE) ink and tempera on parchment. Elaborate manuscript- made at monastery. decorative designs around the sides- frames the image.Carpet Page, Lindisfarne Gospel Early Medieval Art (8th century CE) abstract representation of a cross- precedes all the text in a Bible. visual relationship between negative and positive space. looks like metalwork. meditative.Reliquary of St. Foy Romanesque Art & Architecture (9-10th century) silver over wood. Holds a child's skull in the box. is thought to have healing abilities. Intercessor to the divine. Lots of precious materials.Jeremiah Trumeau, St. Pierre at Moissac Romanesque Art & Architecture (12th century) the columns have animal creatures. no naturalism - very angular. drapery is incised lines. Dynamic experience as you walk by because the tone changes at different angles. Icon of holy beings watching those who enter the church.Last Judgment Tympanum, St. Lazare at Autun Romanesque Art & Architecture (12th century) Push viewers to think about their faith as they enter. It is showing what happens to souls after death. Christ in center- not naturalistic. hierarchal scale. beneath are souls waiting- they look scared. Lots of dramaBet Medhane Alem, Ethiopian Hypogea 12th century CE Carved from the mountain. "savior of the world". Romanesque arches. Different carvings in the walls to create crosses. Pilgrimage site. very thick walls. protective qualities.Bet Giyorgis Ethiopian Hypogea 13th century most famous church here. Greek cross (all sides are the same). Fertility from the water from the wells. Follows the natural curve of the mountain. Windows are carved.Crowned Head of a Yoruba Ruler Arts of West Africa (12-15th century CE) bronze sculpture. could be male or female. parallel lines over the face- unsure if it is patterns or scars.Memorial Head of an Oba Arts of West Africa (16th century CE) brass. The founder of the dynasty. life-size. coral necklace and headdress.Warrior Chief Flanked by Warriors and Attendants Arts of West Africa (16th century CE) most important people wear coral. sensorial experience (they look loud?) dynamic. fully frontal composition. All of them have leopard teeth- power.Hip Pendant of Iyoba, Queen Mother Arts of West Africa (16th century CE) would have been pinned to the hip of the Oba. represents the legacy of the empire. made of ivory. elaborate headdress. mudfish is symbol of immortality. images of traders- under the thumb of the Benin Empire.Saltcellar with Portuguese Figurines Arts of West Africa (16th century CE) Sapi people. The Portuguese probably commissioned it. Fancy salt dish. characters of Christian missionaries.Abbey Church of St. Denis, Paris Gothic (12th century CE) Origin point of Gothic style. no more niches. Light is able to penetrate all the way to the center. immersion into the light from the windows.(know window detail)Chartres Cathedral with Royal Portal Gothic (12-13th century CE) less scary- more realistic and independent of the building. Center- Christ. more naturalistic- flanked by saints and apostles. more 3-dAnnunciation and Visitation, Reims Cathedral Gothic (13th century CE) Gabriel, virgin Mary, and Elizabeth. Looks like they're having a conversation. 2 different styles- 2 artists. transforming of conveying religious figures into more individualistic narrativesBeau Dieu Trumeau, Amiens Cathedral Gothic (13th century CE) Pulling out the bible. Idealization of chirst as welcoming figure. More removed from the architecture. detailed drapery. less stylized- more portrait-likeSt. Chapelle, Paris Gothic (13th century CE) Holds the crown of thorns relic. Built to be a private chapel. The building looks like a reliquary box. relationship between royalty and the church- built by Louis XI.

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