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SPHS 201 (neurophysiology)

Terms in this set (39)

nerves communicate with
other nerves
with muscles
parts of a neuron
soma or a cell body, dendrite, axon
dendrite
transmits information toward soma
axon
transmits information away from soma
neurons communicate with each other through
synaptic connections
CNS
sends a signal to initiate movement
action potential (when produced)
change in electrical balance of cell's membranes (membrane potential), nerve impulse generated as successive parts of the cell membrane undergo change in electrical balance (depolarization)
action potential
causes vesicles at end of axon to release neurotransmitter
neurotransmitter
sent across synaptic cleft
neurons get stimulated (excited)
increase in activity in post-synaptic neuron
neurons get stimulated (inhibited)
reduced activity in post- synaptic neuron
-don't move (don't respond with stimulation)
Neurotransmitter is like
a key ; information passes in only one direction
these sits get stimulated on the post-synaptic neuron
specialized receptor
nerve impulse
sent through that neuron, etc.
dendrite (2)
location for synapse typically
neuromuscular junction
connects nervous system to muscular system
motor unit
motor neuron, its axon and muscle fibers innervated by it
muscle (3 types)
striated/skeletal, cardiac, smooth
straited/skeletal muscle
voluntary
cardiac muscle
involuntary
smooth muscle
involuntary
muscle (made up of)
muscle fibers
myofibrils (made up of)
myofilaments
myofilaments (made up of)
actin (thin) and myosin (thick) proteins
actin & myosin
proteins which interact during muscle contraction
for muscle contraction to occur
actin & myosin proteins slide past each other
filaments (made up of)
sarcomeres
sarcomeres
the functional units of muscle
each motor neuron
may innervate a large number of muscle fibers
each muscle fiber
innervated by one motor neuron
CNS sends message to
PNS
nerve in PNS goes out to
muscle
contraction is stimulated by
electical impulse generated by nerve
electrical signal from nerve releases
neurotransmitter from vesicles in to synaptic cleft
a postsynaptic action potential
causes a twitch in the muscle fiber
skeletal muscle contractions (stimulated by)
neurotransmitter-acetylcholine (ACH)
ACH binds to
receptiors in the muscle membrane
every time a motor neuron is activated..
the entire motor unit is brought into action
all the muscle fibers in the motor unit
will contract
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