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Pharmacology Exam 3

Terms in this set (95)

Lipid Types
-->Triglycerides
-->Phospholipids
-->Steroids
Triglycerides
major storage form of fat, energy source
Phospholipids
mostly in plasma membranes
Steroids
Cholesterol--> building block of Vitamin D, bile acids, cortisol
HDL
Good Cholesterol
-->Transports cholesterol away from body tissues, towards liver to be broken down and excreted
LDL
Bad Cholesterol
-->Transports cholesterol from the liver to tissues, gets stored if not used, storage in lining of blood vessels = atherosclerosis
VLDL
Primary carrier for triglycerides, becomes LDL
Total Cholesterol (TC) Lab Value
<200 mg/dL
LDL Lab Values
--> Known Heart Disease = < 100 mg/dL
--> 1 -2 Risk Factors = < 130 mg/dL
--> Otherwise = < 160 mg/dL
HDL Lab Value
Optimal = >60 mg/dL
Minimal = <40 mg/dL
Triglyceride Lab Value
<150 mg/dL
Drug Therapies for Dyslipidemia
-->HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors -(STATINs)
-->Fibrates
-->Bile Acid Sequestrants
-->Ezetimibe (Zetia): most effective in combination with statin
-->Vitamins/ Antioxidants/ Herbs/ Natural Products (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Folic Acid, Garlic, Fish Oils, Fiber, Coenzyme Q10, Flaxseed)

Try to control with non-pharm first--> Diet and Exercise

Active liver disease is a contradiction for all therapies for Dyslipidemia EXCEPT bile acid sequestrants
How do we know that a cholesterol med is effective?
When the labs are within normal range
-no stroke or MI
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (STATINS)
-->MOA = Decrease cholesterol synthesis AND Increase in LDL receptors on liver cells
-->More LDL receptors remove more LDL from blood stream so they are excreted in the feces
Nursing Consideration for Statins
-->Pregnancy Category X
-->Take at bedtime with a snack
-->RARE = myalgia, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis--> this can lead to renal failure (watch BUN, creatine, urine output)
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