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Biology

Terms in this set (12)

Why do we see continuous variation in many traits? What were the two examples that I gave in the Voice Thread? What would a graph of continuous variation look like?
In contrast, what type of variation did the traits in the pea plants that Mendel studied show (when an individual would express either 1 of 2 options
It describes traits whose phenotypes occur on a continuum. A continuous variation graph would have a predictable direction.
What are some examples of how the environment can influence phenotype?
temperature and availability of nutrients
What is epistasis? How does it influence coat color in
labs?
genes are not independent, but rather interact to produce phenotypes. There is an an interplay present between the 2 genes
know how to use F.O.I.L.
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A dihybrid cross is a special situation of what kind of cross? What is the expected ratio of phenotypes in the offspring of a dihybrid cross? What was Mendel able to deduce from these results?
Between 2 organism that are identically hybrid for 2 traits. 9:3:3:1. That the pairs of traits in the parental generation sorted independently from one another.
What is pleiotropy? What are two genetic disorders that are
examples
The production by a single gene of 2 or more apparently unrelated effects. PKU and schizophrenia.
Which blood type is the universal recipient? Why? Which blood type is the universal donor?
Why?
Recipient-type AB positive blood-because a person who has it can receive any blood type. Donor-type o-can donate any blood cells to anybody
Why do blood types have to match for blood transfusions? What happens if the person gets the wrong blood type? What type or types of blood can each blood type receive?
Blood types have to match for blood transfusions because your body's immune system could fight the donated blood. If the person gets the wrong blood type they could suffer a severe reaction that could be life threatening. Type A can receive A and O. Type B can receive B and O. Type AB can receive all blood types. Type O can receive only O.
Where does the "positive" or "negative" part of your blood type come from?
It's known as the Rhesus(Rh) factor. It is an inherited protein that can be found on the surface of the red blood cell. Positive blood type means you have Rh proteins
What is a multiple allele system? How does the human gene for blood type exemplify this?
Three or more alternative forms of a gene (alleles) that can occupy the same locus. It exemplifies this because the ABO system of blood groups is controlled by 3 alleles (only 2 of them are present)
What is simple dominance? What are 3 other patterns of inheritance?
An inheritance pattern where one allele masks another for a single gene. Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, x-linked.
What is the probability that any child will be a boy? How about a girl? Can you draw the Punnett square for this?
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