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Membranes and Transport Biology Vocab
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Gravity
Terms in this set (25)
Equilibrium
A condition in which all influences acting cancel each other, so that a static or balanced situation results
Concentration
A measure of the amount of dissolved substance contained per unit of volume
Concentration Gradient
the gradual difference in concentration of a dissolved substance in a solution between a region of high density and one of lower density
Diffusion
The random movement of atoms or molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equally distributed
Cell Membrane
A semipermeable layer consisting of a fluid phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Homeostasis
the tendency of a physiological system to maintain internal stability
Osmosis
the tendency of a fluid, usually water, to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a solution where the solute concentration is higher
Semipermeable
permeable to some usually small molecules but not to other usually larger particles
Hypotonic
a solution of lower solute concentration than another solution with which it is compared
Hypertonic
a solution of higher solute concentration than another solution with which it is compared
Isotonic
a solution of the same solute concentration compared to another solution
Passive Transport
Transport across a membrane that does not require energy
Active Transport
Transport across a membrane that requires ATP and a carrier protein
Facilitated Diffusion
Transport across a membrane that does not require ATP but does require a carrier protein
Phospholipids
Any of various phosphorous-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids and a phosphate group,
Monomer
A molecule of low molecular weight capable of reacting with identical molecules of low molecular weight to form a polymer
Polymer
A compound of high molecular weight derived by the addition of many smaller monomer molecules
Fat
naturally occurring soft greasy solids that are composed of glycerol and fatty acids
Protein
consist of polymers of amino acids
Carbohydrates
a large group molecules, including sugars, such as sucrose, and polysaccharides, such as cellulose, glycogen, and starch, that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Fatty Acid
consisting of a long hydrocarbon that bonds to glycerol to form a fat
Simple Sugar
Another term for a monosaccharide
Dehydration Reaction
a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecules
Polar (Non-Polar)
a molecule in which there is an uneven distribution of electrical charge
Hydrolysis Reaction
a chemical reaction during which molecules of water are used to split other molecules apart.
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