Microbiology - Ch 8: Fungal Infections

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Which of the following is TRUE regarding treatment of cryptococcus?

A. Amphotericin B's main side effects include rashes and diarrhea.
B. Fluconazole or itraconazole can cure mild respiratory infections.
C. Any antifungal medication can cure fungal meningitis.
D. Amphotericin B is only 50% effective at curing meningitis.
E. Fluconazole or itraconazole can cure fungal meningitis.
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Terms in this set (30)
Which of the following is TRUE regarding treatment of cryptococcus?

A. Amphotericin B's main side effects include rashes and diarrhea.
B. Fluconazole or itraconazole can cure mild respiratory infections.
C. Any antifungal medication can cure fungal meningitis.
D. Amphotericin B is only 50% effective at curing meningitis.
E. Fluconazole or itraconazole can cure fungal meningitis.
B. Fluconazole or itraconazole can cure mild respiratory infections.
How do people acquire cryptococcus?

A. By inhaling airborne cells.
B. By direct contact with an infected person.
C. By human fecal-oral contamination.
D. By direct contact with an infected pigeon.
E. By eating infected pigeons.
A. By inhaling airborne cells.
What is meningitis?

A. A sexually transmitted disease that causes itchiness and discharge.
B. A fungal infection in the bloodstream.
C. A protozoal infection that ruptures red blood cells.
D. Inflammation of the brain and spinal membranes.
E. Inflammation of the lungs.
D. Inflammation of the brain and spinal membranes.
Cryptococcus is a _____.

A. single-celled yeast
B. multicellular fungus
C. single-celled Bacteria
D. plant
E. virus
A. single-celled yeast
What demographic is most susceptible to serious cases of cryptococcosis?

A. Pregnant women.
B. Children in daycare facilities.
C. Farm laborers.
D. Elderly people in nursing facilities.
E. People with compromised immune systems.
E. People with compromised immune systems.
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Histoplasmosis?

A. Chest pains
B. Dry, nonproductive cough
C. Headaches
D. Wet, productive cough
E. Fever
D. Wet, productive cough
Who would be most likely to develop a serious illness from Histoplasma infections?

A. All are susceptible
B. An AIDS patient
C. A person with a chronic lung infection
D. A person with a compromised immune system
E. A young child
A. All are susceptible
Why is Histoplasma considered dimorphic?

A. The parasite can be a fungus or a bacterium depending on temperature
B. The parasite can live in chicken feces or bat guano depending on temperature
C. The parasite can cause two different diseases depending on temperature
D. The parasite can live as a single cell or in filaments depending on temperature
E. The parasite has two nuclei
D. The parasite can live as a single cell or in filaments depending on temperature
How do people acquire Histoplasmosis?

A. Bites from infected flies
B. Human fecal-oral contamination
C. Eating chickens infected with spores
D. Inhaling airborne spores
E. Bites from infected bats
D. Inhaling airborne spores
Which of the following is FALSE regarding treatment of Histoplasmosis?

A. Ketoconazole will cure the infection
B. Treatment can take up to 12 months to fully eliminate the disease
C. 99% of those infected require treatment
D. Amphotericin B can cause severe side effects like anemia
E. Amphotericin B will cure the infection
C. 99% of those infected require treatment
Which of the following statements about Aspergillosis is TRUE? A. Aspergillosis is never fatal B. 50% of people only have an allergic reaction C. All cases of Aspergillosis require voriconazole D. The disease symptoms vary depending on the tissues infected E. Blood tests and spinal taps are require to properly diagnose AspergillosisD. The disease symptoms vary depending on the tissues infectedAspergillus is A. A multicellular bacteria B. A single-celled yeast C. A filamentous mold D. A prokaryotic mold E. A eukaryotic protozoaC. A filamentous moldMost people that breathe in Aspergillus mold spores A. Develop an aspergilloma B. Never develop any symptoms C. Develop a painful ear infection D. Require anti fungal medications E. Require hospitalizationB. Never develop any symptomsAspergillus is typically found In decaying plant material In household dust In kitchen compost On construction materials All are possible locations of Aspergillus growthAll are possible locations of Aspergillus growthAll of the following people have a risk factor for Aspergillus infection EXCEPT? A. A cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy B. A healthy landscape laborer C. A person with asthma D. A healthy construction worker E. A healthy airline pilotE. A healthy airline pilotHow do people commonly treat Pneumocystis pneumonia? A. Amphotericin B B. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid C. Metronidazole D. Vancomycin E. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleE. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleWhich of the following statements is TRUE regarding Pneumocystis? A. 50% of healthy individuals die from pneumocystis pneumonia B. It causes rashes, diarrhea, and vomiting C. Most people have been exposed by the age of 4 years D. Most children develop life-threatening illness by 4 years of age E. AIDS patients are no more at risk than non-AIDS patientsC. Most people have been exposed by the age of 4 yearsWhich of the follow people are at risk for developing Pneumocystis pneumonia? A. Cancer patients B. Corticosteroid patients C. All are susceptible D. Malnourished infants E. AIDS patientsC. All are susceptibleHow is Pneumocystis most commonly diagnosed? A. Blood tests for antigens B. Removal and biopsy of lung lobes C. Microscopic examination of respiratory secretions D. Urine tests for antigens E. Spinal tap tests for antibodiesC. Microscopic examination of respiratory secretionsPneumocystis jiroveci was originally incorrectly classified as A. A protozoan B. A virus C. An autoimmune disease D. A bacteria E. A fungusA. A protozoanWhich of the following statements about Candida is TRUE? A. Most people who have Candida require intravenous nystatin B. Candida is a subspecies of lactobacillus C. It is always pathogenic D. Systemic Candidiasis is easily treated E. It is normal human floraE. It is normal human floraA woman taking antibiotics develops vulvovaginitis caused by Candida. How is Candida able to cause infection? A. The antibiotics were contaminated with Candida B. The antibiotics disrupt the normal vaginal flora C. Candida uses the antibiotic as a food source D. There is no connection between antibiotic usage and Candida E. The antibiotics allow overgrowth of vaginal bacteriaB. The antibiotics disrupt the normal vaginal floraCandida albicans is a _____. A. dimorphic bacteria B. monomorphic protozoan C. dimorphic fungus D. dimorphic protozoan E. monomorphic fungusC. dimorphic fungusWhich of the following is characteristic of dimorphic fungus? A. It has an environmentally-resistant cyst stage and an active trophozoite stage B. It has two nuclei C. It grows as single cells at body temperature but as filaments below body temperature D. It can grow as cocci, rods, or spirals E. It grows as filaments at body temperature but as single cells below body temperatureC. It grows as single cells at body temperature but as filaments below body temperatureThrush is characterized by: A. Intense headaches and dizziness B. Small, white masses in the mouth C. Large bony growths in the joints D. Stomach pain and diarrhea E. Cheesy, burning and itchy vaginal dischargeB. Small, white masses in the mouthRingworm is caused by A. An animal B. A plant C. A protozoa D. A worm E. A fungusE. A fungusRingworm is transmitted by A. Fecal-oral contamination B. Inhaling airborne spores C. Bites from infected flies D. Direct contact E. All of these are correctD. Direct contactWhat is a fomite? A. A fungus that lives in the skin B. The major structural protein in skin, hair, and nails C. A non-human animal that serves as a major source of infection for a human disease D. An inanimate object capable of passing disease-causing organisms E. A living animal capable of passing disease-causing organismsD. An inanimate object capable of passing disease-causing organismsTreatment for ringworm most often requires A. Over-the-counter topical antibacterial medication B. Oral griseofulvin C. Over-the-counter topical antifungal medications D. Prescription topical antifungal medications E. Intravenous amphotericin BC. Over-the-counter topical antifungal medicationsRingworm infections can occur in each of these locations EXCEPT A. The fingernails B. The blood C. The skin D. The hair E. All can be infectedB. The blood