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Abolition was the movement to end slavery. It was one of the first targets of reform. Slavery was spreading in the South to support the ever growing cotton growing industry. Many slaves endured backbreaking work on plantations. They were divided into gangs and assigned tasks like plowing and harvesting.
Living conditions were primitive and they lived in one-room cabins with their families without sanitary facilities or running water. Slaves ate unbalanced meals of cornmeal, pork, and molasses. Slaves were denied basic human rights: they could be beaten or be sold apart from their families at the whim of their owners.
Living conditions were primitive and they lived in one-room cabins with their families without sanitary facilities or running water. Slaves ate unbalanced meals of cornmeal, pork, and molasses. Slaves were denied basic human rights: they could be beaten or be sold apart from their families at the whim of their owners.
Frederick Douglass (1818-95) was a prominent American abolitionist, author and orator. Born a slave, Douglass escaped at age 20 and went on to become a world-renowned anti-slavery activist. His three autobiographies are considered important works of the slave narrative tradition as well as classics of American autobiography. Douglass' work as a reformer ranged from his abolitionist activities in the early 1840s to his attacks on Jim Crow and lynching in the 1890s. For 16 years he edited an influential black newspaper and achieved international fame as an inspiring and persuasive speaker and writer. In thousands of speeches and editorials, he levied a powerful indictment against slavery and racism, provided an indomitable voice of hope for his people, embraced antislavery politics and preached his own brand of American ideals.
William Lloyd Garrison was born December 10, 1805 in Newburyport, Massachusetts. In 1830 he started an abolitionist paper, The Liberator. In 1832 he helped form the New England Antislavery Society. When the Civil War broke out, he continued to blast the Constitution as a pro-slavery document. When the civil war ended, he at last saw the abolition of slavery. He believed in "immediate and uncompensated" emancipation of slaves.
The Underground Railroad helped some slaves escape through a network of people willing to hide them.
Fleeing slaves stayed at "stations" on private property and were moved on foot to the next by a "conductor."
In this way, with some assistance slaves could escape from the deep South all the way to the North.
Harriet Tubman
Fleeing slaves stayed at "stations" on private property and were moved on foot to the next by a "conductor."
In this way, with some assistance slaves could escape from the deep South all the way to the North.
Harriet Tubman