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Semantic Priming

Terms in this set (21)

What happens if said "silk" 10 times and then get asked "What does a cow drink?"
The person will say "milk"
How do you view "pupils" if before that is "ophthalmologist"
eyes
How do you view "bank" if before that is "money"
bank with money
What is prime?
1st stimulus presented, see if affects later info
What is target?
stimulus that follows prime, see if influenced by prime
What is priming?
speedup in responding caused by prior activation of info in memory
What is facilitation (benefits)?
target is faster or easier to respond to because of the prime
What is inhibition (costs)?
target is slower or harder to respond to because of the prime
Example of priming task?
Prime: girl (read prime silently)
Target: boy nonword word (mofarch) (boy)
1. Pronunciation
2. Lexical decision
Example of word-stem completion (priming task)?
prime girl (read) target b_ _ (likely to fill in)→ b o y prime small (read) target b_ _ (likely to fill in) -> b i g
What is spreading activation?
one cue/memory stimulates retrieval of other related memories

or,

activation of one item stored in memory travels through associated links to activate another item
What are the types of priming?
1. semantic p - dog t - cat
2. phonological p - moose t - juice
3. orthographic p - touch t - couch
4. repetition p - girl t - girl
is activation in semantic memory automatic?
Yes
Evidence that activation in semantic memory is automatic?
1. without awareness
a. masking
b. Unilateral neglect syndrome: Can't "see" one VF... but get priming from that VF (faster to say"nurse" than other unrelated words)

2. Despite intentions & fast-acting
a. Neely, 1977; task: lexical decision
if see BODY, expect part of a building; if see BUILDING, expect part of a body
b. Stroop interference for color words & color related words
What is the cause of priming?
1. Automatic component (spreading activation)
2. Conscious component (expectations)
What is orthographic lexicon?
A storage system in the brain consisting of individual word spellings.
What is phonology - lexicon?
Study of speech and sound that compose language
What components create Hierarchical Network Model?
nodes, pathways, and network
a. general top, specific bottom
b. link "is a", "has"
c. properties hold for concept below
How does Hierarchical Network Model work?
Spreading activation in which an activation of one nodes will lead to the activation of other relevant nodes.
take times to spread
further spread, weaker activation
activation decays over time
Intersection search
What is strength of association?
The stronger the association, the less likely it is to be due to confounding or bias

Typicality effect - faster to say
What is unlearning?
Doesn't demonstrate how it add in or erase information
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