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Final Exam Practice Questions

Terms in this set (29)

Who invented mental maps?
Kevin Lynch
What are boundaries that exist between two areas? That disrupt or differentiate a space?
Edges
What are anchor points of strategic activity, where activity is concentrated, such as a major transit station, called?
Nodes
What are medium to large sections of a city with a clear identity called?
Districts
What are streets and walkways called? Places of movement?
Paths
What are physical reference points, such as buildings or signs, called?
Landmarks
Invented by Kevin Lynch, what is the concept of how an area strikes you, or how you remember an area to be?
Imageability
Describes the understanding of how people see their built environment.
Mental Maps/Cognitive Maps
Scholar who was very critical of urban renewal and created the Theory of Safety: "Eyes on the Street"?
Jane Jacobs
Theory that buildings should have doors and windows directly onto the street, providing informal surveillance.
Eyes on the Street
Scholar who came up with the idea of defensible space, or crime prevention through environmental design.
Oscar Newman
What are places where people gather to socialize with friends called? Large cities tend to generate these due to large populations.
Scenes
What city grew up on car manufacturing?
Detroit
What was Motown?
Black music in Detroit in the 1950's.
What was the marketing campaign called in which companies tried to market their products and/or services by using Detroit's negative image?
Detroit Tough
What led to the decline of Detroit?
White flight
Who conducted the Levittowners study?
Herbert Gans
What was the study of community in post-war suburb called? It showed that (most) working to middle-class white households had the experience of one or both parents being involved in the war, leading to social cohesion.
The Levittowners
Who theorized the "drive until you qualify" concept? Focused on the cost of things, such as time, standards of living, happiness, etc.
Charles Montgomery
Compare and contrast some of the differences between urban and rural culture.
Urban culture is more dynamic and changes more quickly compared to rural culture. Urban culture is also profit oriented and is dominant compared to rural culture. Urban culture tends to change rural settings more than a rural culture changing an urban setting.
What was the place in which everything was oriented around the presence of the emperor and his court? The design of the city was based on the specific rituals that the emperor was expected to do.
Ming Beijing
What was the place where it grew around the original religious site, but people began to migrate there and religion fell out of culture?
Athens
What is it called when economic production is dominated by private interest?
Capitalism
Who discussed how the lives of the greater part of the population became consumed by laboring for a subsistence wage? Result from their critique was more social programs in schooling and housing, among others.
Engels
This country was initially communist, but in the 1980's it opened select cities to outside investment.
China
This person argued that cities thrive when they are unique and are repositories for human capital.
Glaeser
The skills and knowledge that a person has, at least to the extent that it is valuable in the market.
Human capital
This city has a big focus on education, aiding in its ability to such a huge hub for corporations.
Tokyo
This city put investment in infrastructure, making it into the primary port of Southeast Asia.
Singapore, Gaborne
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