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PSYCH 2000 Ch. 9 Exam

Terms in this set (25)

Dr. Bryson has been studying monkeys' ability to classify photographs of cats and dogs. After the monkeys became competent at this classifying task, Dr. Bryson found that certain areas of their frontal lobe neurons fired in response to new "catlike" or "doglike" images. This suggests that the monkeys:
can form concepts.
Alicia believes that people who are impoverished are more likely to commit crimes. She has a tendency to search for information that supports her belief but to ignore evidence that says otherwise. She is demonstrating which of the following?
confirmation bias
A(n) ____________ is a mental image or best example of all the features we associate with a category.
prototype
In one study, monkeys first learn to classify pictures of cats and dogs. Then they are shown images that are "catlike" or "doglike." Which of the following responses suggests that monkeys are able to form concepts?
Different frontal lobe neurons fire in response to the images.
The easier it is for a person to remember the circumstance in which a friend betrayed him, the more he expects such an event to recur. This best illustrates the impact of:
the availability heuristic.
At the beginning of the semester, Professor Pauloa asks her students to predict the grade they will get for the semester. When she asks if they think they'll get an A, the majority raise their hands. This best illustrates:
overconfidence
People can simultaneously process many aspects of sensory information, such as color, depth, movement, and form in terms of vision. This best illustrates the functioning of multiple:
neural networks.
The two-word stage of language development typically begins when an infant is about _______ months of age.
24
Broca's area is a region of the:
frontal lobe that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
Sherry says things like "me go," "mama bye," and "dada go." She is in the:
two-word stage.
Native German speakers often pronounce the English word "that" as "dat." This demonstrates their difficulty pronouncing the English:
phoneme.
Dr. Nason and his colleagues have worked at teaching sign language to a great ape. Over the past year, they have observed the ape's slow vocabulary acquisition very closely. When their study is complete, Dr. Nason and his team are likely to find that the language acquisition of the ape is similar to that observed in:
2-year-old humans.
If 8-year-old George had responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency of an average 10-year-old child, he would be said to have an IQ of:
125
Terrance is mildly intellectually disabled and needs help with day-to-day living, but he enjoys working and being able to socialize with his friends at the community center. Terrance's intelligence score is probably:
69
Which procedure is used to identify clusters of related items that define g, or general intelligence?
factor analysis
The _____________ is one of the most widely used intelligence tests for those under the age of 18 years.
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WIS
The National Institute of Mental Health is conducting a study with 50- to 75-year-old adults on memory and response time in relation to timed tasks. They are bringing in this group at the same time to compare the differences among the younger and older participants. This is a(n) _____________ study.
cross-sectional
Frank picked the wrong day to ask his boss for a day off. His boss is stressing about the multimillion-dollar project proposal due in a couple of days. This best illustrates a lack of:
emotional intelligence.
_______________intelligence is demonstrated when a person reacts adaptively to new situations and generates novel ideas.
Creative
In the destitute Iranian orphanage that researcher J. McVicker Hunt studied, the typical child could not sit up unassisted at age ___ .
2
Carol Dweck's research supports the idea of teaching young teens that the brain is like a muscle; it grows stronger with use as neuron connections grow. Praising children's effort rather than their ability encourages _____, which causes them to attribute success to hard work.
a growth mindset
Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered biased in terms of their:
cultural assumptions.
Margo was adopted when she was an infant. Her adoptive parents' intelligence test scores are in the average range, while her biological parents have test scores well above average. When Margo is 30, what can we predict about her performance on an intelligence test?
It will be more similar to her biological parent's test scores.
In terms of gender differences in intellectual abilities, boys:
outnumber girls in special education classes.
There are many genes, each of which accounts for much less than 1 percent of intelligence variations. This suggests that intelligence is:
a polygenetic trait.
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