Bio Final Study

Evolution is biology's overarching theme because evolution

a. explains how organisms become adapted to their environment through differential reproductive success of varying individuals
B. all of the answers are correct
c. explains why distantly related organisms sometimes resemble each other
d. explains the unity and diversity of life
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 43
Terms in this set (43)
Evolution is biology's overarching theme because evolution

a. explains how organisms become adapted to their environment through differential reproductive success of varying individuals
B. all of the answers are correct
c. explains why distantly related organisms sometimes resemble each other
d. explains the unity and diversity of life
B. all of the answers are correct
A cell lacking which of the following structures is most likely to be a prokaryote?

a. Cytoplasm
B. Nuclear membrane
c. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
d. Cell membrane
B. Nuclear membrane
Which of the following types of cells use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?

a. plant
b. fungi
c. animal
D. archaean
D. archaean
Apple on tree ripens ripe apple produces ethylene ethylene signals neighboring apples to ripen neighbor apples produce more ethylene more apples ripen. The above process is an example of which of the following?

a. chemical cycling
b. negative feedback regulation
c. emergent properties
D. positive feedback regulation
D. positive feedback regulation
Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things?

a. growth and development
B. all of the answers are correct
c. responding to the environment
d. evolutionary adaptations
e. reproduction
B. all of the answers are correct
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all living things?

a. structure of the nucleus
b. structure of chloroplasts
C. near universality of the genetic code
d. structure of cilia
C. near universality of the genetic code
Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?

A. hypotheses are usually relatively narrow in scope, theories have broad explanatory power
b. hypotheses and theories are basically the same thing
c. theories are hypotheses that have been proved
d. hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers
A. hypotheses are usually relatively narrow in scope, theories have broad explanatory power
Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

a. informatics
B. taxonomy
c. genomics
d. evolution
B. taxonomy
Following a scientific method, which of the following is the correct order of steps?

a. Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Communicate results → Analysis → Conclusion
B. Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results
c. Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results
d. Observation → Analysis → Hypothesis → Conclusion → Communicate results → Experiment
B. Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Analysis → Conclusion → Communicate results
Which of the following best describes a controlled experiment?

a. An experiment repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate
B. An experiment includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment
c. An experiment that includes one group for which the scientist controls all variables
d. An experiment that includes at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables
B. An experiment includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment
All the organisms on your campus make up ________. a. a population B. a community c. an ecosystem d. a taxonomic domainB. a communityWhich of the following are compounds? A. H2O and CH4, but not O2 b. H2O and O2 c. H2O, O2, and CH4 d. O2 and CH4A. H2O and CH4, but not O2Atoms have no electric charge because they have ________. A. an equal number of protons and electrons b. an equal number of protons and neutrons c. an equal number of charged and uncharged subatomic particles d. uncharged neutrons in their nucleiA. an equal number of protons and electronsWhich of the following is true of oxygen that has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons? a. It has atomic number of 16. b. It has a atomic mass of 8. c. It has a charge of +8. D. It has an atomic number of 8.D. It has an atomic number of 8.Which of the following best explain why argon, which is a noble gas, does not react with other elements. Noble gases ________. a. have a high positive charge that repels most elements B. have valence electron shells that are completely full c. are not found in abundance on our planet d. have very small atomsB. have valence electron shells that are completely fullMolybdenum has an atomic number of 42. Several common isotopes exist, with mass numbers from 92-100. Based on this information, which of the following is also true of molybdenum? a. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 electrons. b. Isotopes of molybdenum have different numbers of electrons. c. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 protons. D. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 neutrons.D. Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 neutrons.An ion that consists of 7 protons, 6 neutrons, and 11 electrons has a net charge of ________. a. 5+ B. 4- c. 4+ d. 5-B. 4-Which of the following has the smallest total mass? a. 1 electron plus 1 neutron b. 1 neutron plus 1 proton C. two electrons d. two neutronsC. two electronsTo find out the number of neutrons in an atom, we need to know the following. a. atomic mass b. electron number C. atomic mass and atomic number d. atomic numberC. atomic mass and atomic numberNitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following is a correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH3)? a. The nitrogen atom has a partial positive charge; each hydrogen atom has a partial negative charge. b. Ammonia has an overall positive charge. C. Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge. d. Ammonia has an overall negative charge.C. Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge.A covalent bond is likely to be polar under which of the following conditions? a. the two atoms sharing electrons are of the same elements b. the two atoms sharing electrons are equally electronegative C. one of the atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative than the other atom d. carbon is one of the two atoms sharing electronsC. one of the atoms sharing electrons is more electronegative than the other atomWhich of the following types of bond is broken when water evaporates? a. polar covalent bonds B. hydrogen bonds c. ionic bonds d. nonpolar covalent bondsB. hydrogen bondsIf an atom has a charge of +1, which of the following must be true? A. It has one more proton than it does electrons. b. It has two more protons than neutrons. c. It has the same number of protons as electrons. d. It has one more electron than it does protons.A. It has one more proton than it does electrons.What kind of bond is formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the single oxygen atom? a. hydrogen bonds B. polar covalent bonds c. ionic bonds d. nonpolar covalent bondsB. polar covalent bondsHow are the hydrogen bonds formed between water molecules? a. by sharing protons between two water molecules B. by the attraction between the positive end of one water molecule with the negative end of the other c. by sharing of electrons between two water molecules d. by the transfer of electrons from one water molecule to the otherB. by the attraction between the positive end of one water molecule with the negative end of the otherWhen carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops, what is the expected change in pH of the raindrops? A. slightly acidic b. slightly basic c. same as pure water d. depends on the altitude where rain drops are formedA. slightly acidicWhat kind of bonds are responsible for the unique cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion properties of water molecules? a. hydrophobic bonding b. ionic bonding C. hydrogen bonding d. polar covalent bondingC. hydrogen bondingOn a hot day, temperature of the sea rises more slowly than that of land. Which of the following statements best describe the process? A. specific heat of soil is less than water b. It rains more over the sea. c. specific heat of soil is more than water d. Dry soil soaks more water.A. specific heat of soil is less than waterWhich of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water? a. Sweat can evaporate from the skin, helping to keep people from overheating. b. Organisms can resist temperature changes, although they give off heat due to chemical reactions. c. Lakes cannot freeze solid in winter, despite low temperatures. D. A raft spider can walk across the surface of a small pond.D. A raft spider can walk across the surface of a small pond.Which answer best describes why ice floats in liquid water? A. Stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules of ice farther apart than water molecules of liquid water. b. The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water. c. The ionic bonds between the molecules in ice prevent the ice from sinking. d. The high surface tension of liquid water keeps the ice on top.A. Stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules of ice farther apart than water molecules of liquid water.Which of the following statements correctly describes the property of hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil? Note that vegetable oil has lots of carbon atoms bound to hydrogen atoms and carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities. a. nonpolar substances that have an attraction for water molecules b. polar substances that have an affinity for water c. polar substances that repel water molecules D. nonpolar substances repel water moleculesD. nonpolar substances repel water moleculesCotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. This is a heritable trait. While studying these creatures, researchers noticed that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate. Which of the following research questions would best test the hypothesis that having longer hair improves mating opportunities? a. look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins B. test how many time males with shaved heads are mate compared to males with tufts c. test whether other traits in these males are also adaptiveB. test how many time males with shaved heads are mate compared to males with tuftsWhich of the following is the quality of a good scientific hypothesis? A. It should be testable in a valid period of time b. It relies on controversial factors c. It always produces qualitative data d. It always produces quantitative dataA. It should be testable in a valid period of timeIn an experiment to test the hypothesis, "temperature controls sex determination in crocodile embryos" a researcher incubates crocodile eggs in incubators set at different temperatures. Which of the following correctly identifies the dependent and independent variables in the experiment? a. type of incubator is dependent, temperature is independent B. sex is dependent, temperature is independent c. temperature is dependent, sex is independent d. temperature is dependent, type of incubator is independentB. sex is dependent, temperature is independentWhat is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10-12 M? a. pH 10 b. pH 4 c. pH 12 D. pH 2 e. pH 14D. pH 2Which of the following properties of water is responsible for the formation of raindrops? a. high thermal energy b. high kinetic energy c. adhesion property D. cohesion propertyD. cohesion propertyWhich of the following statements is true for water in its liquid state? a. It has a specific heat lower than most other substances. B. It has a heat of vaporization higher than most other substances. c. It is less dense than ice. d. It is nonpolar.B. It has a heat of vaporization higher than most other substances.To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. Which physical property is the best indicator for a good coolant? a. pH B. specific heat c. density at room temperature d. heat of vaporizationB. specific heatWhy does a full bathtub have more thermal energy than a pot of freshly brewed coffee (even though the coffee has a higher temperature than the bathwater)? a. The full bathtub has a lower density B. The full bathtub has a greater volume c. The full bathtub has higher potential energy d. The full bathtub has a higher kinetic energyB. The full bathtub has a greater volumeHow does 0.5 M sucrose (molecular mass 342) solution compare to 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180) solution? a. Sucrose has 171 molecules, whereas glucose has 90. b. Both have 6.02 × 1023 molecules. C. Both have 3.01 × 1023 molecules. d. Sucrose has 171 mg/L, whereas glucose has 90 mg/L.C. Both have 3.01 × 1023 molecules.What is the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution of pH 5? a. 10-5 M b. 10-12 M c. 10-10 M D. 10-9 MD. 10-9 MAs the [H+] of the solution decreases, the [OH-] ________. a. decreases and thus the pH increases B. increases and thus pH increases c. decreases and thus the pH decreases d. increases and thus pH decreasesB. increases and thus pH increasesWhich of the following is true of carbon? a. It forms only polar molecules. B. It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds. It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements. It is highly electronegative.B. It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds.