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pob lab final review

Terms in this set (28)

in corn, zea mays, there is an allele for albinism (completely white plant). what could cause albinism in a corn plant?
...
in corn, zea mays, there is an allele for albinism (completely white plant), which is completely recessive (g) to the dominant green allele (G). Out of 12 seeds planted, 12 germinated as green and none germinated as white. Which are possible genotypes of the parents?
GG x gg
In a situation in which genes assort independently, what is the ratio of the gametes produced by an AaBB individual?
1 AB : aB
Let P = purple flowers and p = white, and T = tall plants and t = dwarf. What would be the appearance of a plant with the genotype PpTt?
purple flowers , tall
Generation-to-generation change in the allele frequencies in a population is _____.
...
The ease with which humans travel across the globe is likely to increase _____.
-gene flow
-mutation
-natural selection
-genetic drift
all of these
After removing 30 of your 40 insects from the population of five different colors, the ten that are left come in only two colors, red and blue. All of the offspring that they produce are also red and blue. This would be an example of _____.
...
The Illinois populations of the Greater Prairie Chicken benefited when managers brought in prairie chickens from other populations. This restored genetic variation to the Illinois populations through the process of __________.
founder effect
Dichotomous keys consist of a series of paired choices, called couplets, that reflect physical characteristics of the organism.
true
A dichotomous key is used to _____.
identify an organism
true or false: Classification systems do not change.
false
Which of the following characteristics would be most appropriate for use in developing a dichotomous classification key for birds?
-color markings
-where the bird was seen
-what food it eats
-how plentiful that bird is in your neighborhood
color markings on the bird's head
A graduate student finds an organism in a pond and thinks it is a freshwater sponge. A professor thinks it looks more like an aquatic fungus. How can they decide whether it is an animal or a fungus?
look for cell walls under a microscope
The development that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the _____.
evolution of the amniotic egg
true or false: an analogy is a similarity due to convergent evolution, resulting in similar adaptations.
true
true or false: systematics is a field of study that seeks to determine how organisms within a given system interact with each other and their environment.
false
In a heterozygous individual the allele being expressed is
dominant
Achondroplasia is a common form of dwarfism caused by autosomal dominant mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (Fgfr3) gene. If a person with achondroplasia (Aa) married and had children with a person of normal height, what is the probability that both their first child and second child would have achondroplasia?
1
In the study of genetics the offspring of the P generation is referred to as the
F1 generation
Flower color in snapdragons is an example of incomplete dominance. If a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant, the F1 generation has pink flowers. If a pink-flowered plant is crossed with another pink-flowered plant, the expected progeny plants will be __________.
100% pink?
Which of the following events could NOT be caused by a population bottleneck?
-increased population size
-changes in allele frequency
-reduction genetic variably
-loss of alleles
increased population size
4 insects - 2 blue males and 2 green females - leave the population of 40 insects with many colors and start their own new population across the road. Their offspring are mostly blue and occasionally green. This would be an example or a simulation of _____.
founder's effect
Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are comically clumsy when they walk on land. Evolutionary scientists view these feet as _____.
the outcome of a trade off: webbed feet perform poorly on land, but are very helpful in diving for food
The sickle-cell allele produces a serious blood disease in homozygotes. Why doesn't natural selection eliminate this allele from all human populations?
In populations where endemic malaria is present, heterozygotes have an important advantage: They are resistant to malaria and therefore are more likely to survive and produce offspring that carry the allele
Which of these organisms would seem to be most closely related?
1. Canis familiaris
2. Bison bison
3. Canis lupus
4. Panthera pardus
1 and 3
After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow.
1. In the North Pacific Ocean, two groups of the same species of killer whales (Orcinus orca) appear to be forming two different species based on what they eat. One group eats fish and the other eats mammals such as seals. Scientists can tell what they eat based on their teeth, because whales that feed on fish have significantly different wear patterns.
2. One of the finest available sequences of fossils shows how horses have changed slowly and by subtle steps from small shrub-browsing ancestors to the large, grass-grazing modern horse. A large number of fossil species have been named, and it is often difficult to decide on the identity of a fossil horse because transitional forms are common.
The species concept most applicable to these organisms would be _____.
morphological ?
Which of the following statements regarding the definition of species is false?
1. The phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a set of organisms that shares a common ancestor and forms one branch on the tree of life.
2. The morphological species concept relies upon comparing the DNA sequences of organisms.
3. Under the biological species concept, the gap between species is maintained by reproductive isolation.
4. The ecological species concept identifies species in terms of their ecological niches.
The morphological species concept relies upon comparing the DNA sequences of organisms.
This field of study examines the evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species.
phylogenetics
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