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US History 1: Final Exam Study Guide

Terms in this set (25)

What event led to industrial development in the U.S.?
The Embargo of 1807
Where did most immigrants come from between 1840-1860?
Ireland and Germany
What did Calhoun argue in his doctrine of nullification?
states were the final authority on the constitutionality of federal laws
Where did Native Americans find themselves by the end of the 1830s as a result of U.S. policy?
West of the Mississippi River
Where did the Mexican government enact a colonization law in 1824?
Texas
Who went to Texas and why?
American settlers, as they were offered a 4-year long exemption from taxes
What did whites have in common in the South that unified them?
the perception of race: they had a sense of racial supremacy
Be familiar with Transcendentalists
Trancendentalists:
a. believed that _____ ___ __________ ______ ____ ___ ______ ___ ________ and that ________ _____ "__________" ___ ________ _____
b. critical of __________ _______
c. argued for _______ _____________
d. influenced by ________ __________
e. personal fulfillment can be found through ______
a. there was knowledge beyond what the senses can perceive / ultimate truth transcends the physical world
b. mainstream culture
c. greater individualism
d. european romanticism
e. nature
Be familiar with the Temperance movement
The temperance movement:
a. was a crusade against ___________, as some thought ___________ caused _____, _________, _______, _________ ________, and ______ _____ ____
b. began with calling for moderation in the consumption of _________ _________
a. drunkenness / drunkenness / crime / disorder / poverty / destroyed families / caused other ills
b. alcoholic beverages
What did William Lloyd Garrison want abolitionists to focus on?
the damage slavery caused to slaves
Be familiar with the attack on Sumner in Congress
a. Senator Charles Sumner gave a speech, "___ _____ _______ ______" in which he said that Senator Andrew P. Butler of South Carolina had a "________" which was "___ ______ _______," during which he angered Preston Butler with the ______ _________ and ___________ of the speech.
b. Preston Brooks approaches Sumner at his desk and attacks him, hitting his ____ and _________ with a _____ ____
c. Sumner was _______ __ ___ ____ but eventually managed to tear the desk from the floor (bolts and all)
d. He then _________ and ____ until he was __________
e. He was unable to return to work for _ ____ due to his injuries and suffered from ____ and ______ _________ and __________
f. He was seen as a ______ in the North, but ______ was seen as a ____ in the South.
a. The Crime Against Kansas / mistress / the harlot slavery / sexual reference / viciousness
b. head / shoulders / heavy cane
c. trapped in his seat
d. collapsed / bled / unconscious
e. 4 years / PTSD / severe headaches / nightmares
f. martyr / Brooks / hero
What gave rise to the Republican Party?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Which state left the Union first?
South Carolina
What impact did the Emancipation Proclamation have in regards to the Civil War?
It clearly and irrevocably established that the war was being fought not only to preserve the Union but also to eliminate slavery
Who was the most important Union military commander?
Abraham Lincoln
Why did Sherman carry out his March to the Sea?
To destroy supplies that the army could not use and also to destroy the will of the southern people
Be familiar with Savannah and the Civil War
It was preserved in the March to the Sea and given to Lincoln as a Christmas gift
How did the aftermath of the Civil War affect women in the South?
women outnumbered men and much more women were in the workforce
What kind of plan did Lincoln create to let the South back into the Union? the ___ plan requiring only ___ of the voters in the ___________ states in ____ to take an oath of __________ to the _____ and to ___________ ________ _______. It gave a general pardon to all except ____-_______ ___________ __________ and ________ _______. After this, new state constitutions could be drafted.
10% / 10% / Confederate / 1860 / allegiance, Union / emancipate enslaved peoples / high-ranking Confederate government / military leaders
What were carpetbaggers?
white men from the north who looked on the south as a more promising frontier than the west and had settled as hopeful planters, businessmen, or professionals
What was the purpose of the Black Codes?
to maintain the social and economic structure of slavery
Which amendment banned slavery?
The 13th Amendment
Which amendment granted the right to vote to African American males?
The 15th Amendment
Be familiar with at least one scandal in the Grant Administration
Grant's ___ ________ _________discovered that some of his officials and a group of __________ were operating as a '_______ ___' and cheating the government out of taxes by ______ _____ _______
3rd Treasury secretary / distillers / whiskey ring / filing false reports
Who became president in 1876? /
Rutherford B. Hayes
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