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chapter 17

Terms in this set (13)

will die from one or more nutritional related chronic disease ( obsity, heart diease, and cancer
1/2 adults
percent of adults are obese
40
homeostatic signals over ridden by food hyper-responsiveness
hedonic obesity
recognized as a potbelly or apple shape
Highly correlated with metabolic abnormalities and chronic diseases
visceral fat
weight loss goals
...
Realistic goals
Caloric deficit
Meal plan
Skill development
Problem-solving techniques
Self-monitoring and management
cognitive behavioral therapy
Contributes to energy deficit
Tailored to needs, capacity, and preferences
Combination of resistance and aerobic
Effects beyond weight loss alone
Minimum 150 minutes moderate or higher intensity (30 minutes, five days a week) for weight loss with higher level necessary to maintain loss or prevent gain
physical activity for weight managemetn
Comorbidities and risk factors may warrant use of weight loss drugs
Medications combined with life-style modification is most effective
Over the counter and herbal weight-loss preparations have not been tested for efficacy and safety; not recommended
pharmecology effects
Over 92 million adults
Men develop at younger age
Women catch up after menopause
Racial and ethnic differences occur
At age 45 striking increase in deaths
Deaths have declined since 2007
Table 17.5
prevalnecs of CVD
Fibrous plaque formation begins when fatty deposits become part of tissues that form over injured arterial wall cells
Atherosclerosis reduces blood flow, vessels lose flexibility, and the heart has to work harder leading to higher blood pressure
arthroschrolis
Dyslipidemia
High blood pressure
Lifestyle factors of diet or physical inactivity
Smoking
Genetics
Older age
LDL subtypes
Obesity, diabetes, infection, inflammation
Menopause
CVD risk
have undiagnosed diabetes
84 millions have prediabetes
Correlates with increases in overweight and obesity
Most often people over age 40
increasing in younger adults and children
Higher in racial and ethnic minorities
prevealence of diabetes
Parent or sibling with diabetes
History of gestational diabetes
Elevated A1C, IFG, or IGT
Racial or ethnic background
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Low HDL, high triglycerides, or CVD
Woman with polycystic ovary disease
riskks factors for diaetes and prediabetes
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