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PHYS 1 hon Semester 1 study card

Terms in this set (85)

The graph below represents the motion of an object. The acceleration of the object in Figure 4-2 is:
(m/sec2 = meters per second squared)
-1 m/sec2 between 6 and 8 seconds.
The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. The graph illustrates that the acceleration of the cyclist
is constant
On a d-t graph, what would represent constant acceleration?
Parabola
Which of the following statements applies to the motion of a ball rising and then falling in free fall?
I. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves upward.
II. The ball has constant acceleration at the top of its path.
III. The ball has constant acceleration as it moves downward.
I, II, and III
Which of the following line segments on a velocity versus time graph is physically impossible?
vertical line
A clever person who knows physics measures the depth of a deep hole by dropping a rock into the hole. The rock takes 3.2 seconds to hit the bottom. The depth of the hole is approximately:
50 meters
A sports car reaches a speed of 50 m/sec in 12 seconds after starting from rest. The acceleration of the car is:
4.17 m/sec^2
When a car's velocity is positive and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?
The car slows down.
The graph below represents the motion of an object. Between two and three seconds, the speed of the object shown in Figure 4-2
is approximately 1.33 m/sec.
What is the displacement of the object from 0.00s to 40.0s?
7 500 m
Which of the four graphs in Figure 4-4 shows motion in which an object moves 6 meters?
C
A object is thrown straight upwards with a speed of 19.6 m/sec. Three seconds later, its velocity is:
9.8 m/sec downward.
In the graph above, how does the acceleration at A compare with the acceleration at B?
The accelerations at A and B are each zero.
The graph below represents the motion of a moving object. The initial speed (v0) shown in Figure 4-3 is
2.0 m/sec
The graph below represents the motion of an object. According to Figure 4-2, in the first 5 seconds the object moves a distance of approximately:
12.5 meters.
A baseball catcher throws a ball vertically upward and catches it in the same spot as it returns to the mitt. At what point in the ball's path does it experience zero velocity and nonzero acceleration at the same time?
at the top of its path
A rocket has an acceleration of 50 meters per second squared. How long does it take the rocket to reach a speed of 1,000 m/sec?
20 seconds
The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point does the ball have an instantaneous velocity of zero?
C
Mr. Maynard's pimped out ride can brake with an acceleration of -1.75 m/s2. If he is driving at a speed of 36.4 m/s when he applies the brakes, how long are the skid marks?
379 m
What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
The acceleration varies.
Objects that are falling toward Earth in free fall move
faster and faster
The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. During the interval shown, the cyclist is
Speeding up
An arrow is shot straight up into the air at a speed of 98 m/sec. What is the maximum height reached by the arrow? You may neglect air friction.
490 meters
Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum—a feather or a metal bolt?
They would hit the ground at the same time.
When there is no air resistance, objects of different masses dropped from rest
fall with equal accelerations and with equal displacements.
The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point is the speed of the ball equal to its speed at B?
D
Which of the four graphs in Figure 4-4 shows motion at constant speed for 2 seconds followed by constant acceleration for two seconds?
A
On the surface of Mars, the acceleration due to gravity is 0.379 times as much as that on the surface of Earth. A robot on Mars pushes a rock over a 500.0-m cliff. How fast is the rock traveling when it reaches the surface?
60.9 m/s
A rock is thrown upward at 13.9 m/s from the top of a cliff. How long does it take for the rock to be traveling 13.9 m/s downward?
2.84s
When a car's velocity is negative and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car's motion?
Th car speeds up
How fast must an object be thrown upward if it is to stay in the air for 5 seconds before hitting the ground again?
24.5 m/sec
Which segment shows the largest positive value for acceleration?
DE
A car accelerates from rest to 25 m/s in 5.0s, then continues at that velocity for another 5.0s. Find the total displacement of the car.
188 m
In physics, the term free fall means:
no forces act on the object except gravity.
The graph below represents the speed of a car vs. time. Which point on the speed versus time graph in Figure 4-1 has the highest acceleration?
B
A 850g baseball is thrown at 22.0 m/s. After it hits the bat, it reverses direction, but keeps the same speed. Find the magnitude of the impulse.
37.4 N s
When comparing the momentum of two moving objects, which of the following is correct?
The less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same.
A 1 kg snowball, going 6 m/s, hits a man's 2 kg top hat, which is resting on top of his head. The snowball and top hat go flying off together at what speed?
2 m/s
Find the impulse of a 6.8N punch on a punching bag during a 1.3s time interval.
8.8 N s
A 0.2 kg baseball is pitched with a velocity of 40 m/s and is then batted to the pitcher with a velocity of 60 m/s. What is the magnitude of change in the ball's momentum?
4 kg·m/s
Two baseballs 1 kg each are traveling towards each other. Ball 1 has a speed of 3 m/s, Ball 2 has a speed of 6 m/s. After the collision, ball 1 reverses direction with a new speed of 4 m/s. How fast is Ball 2 going after the collision?
2 m/s
A person sitting in a chair with wheels stands up, causing the chair to roll backward across the floor. The momentum of the chair
was zero while stationary and increased when the person stood.
A ball with a momentum of 4.0 kg·m/s hits a wall and bounces straight back without losing any kinetic energy. What is the change in the ball's momentum?
-8.0 kg·m/s
Two skaters stand facing each other. One skater's mass is 60 kg, and the other's mass is 72 kg. If the skaters push away from each other without spinning,
their momenta are equal but opposite
A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5 m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5 m/s. The magnitude of the momentum of the rubber ball
remained the same
Two objects with different masses collide and bounce back after an elastic collision. Before the collision, the two objects were moving at velocities equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. After the collision,
the less massive object had gained momentum.
A stationary spring-loaded toy sends two foam pieces, 3.00 kg and 4.00 kg, flying off in opposite direction's. If the lighter piece fly's off with a speed of 5.00 m/s, how fast is the heavier piece going?
3.75 m/s
A 20 kg shopping cart moving at a velocity of 0.5 m/s collides with a store wall and stops. The momentum of the shopping cart
decreases
If the change in momentum remains constant, and the time doubles, what happens to the force?
gets cut in half
A soccer ball collides with another soccer ball at rest. The total momentum of the balls
remains constant
Which of the following situations is an example of a visible change in momentum?
A baseball is hit by a bat.
Which of the following best describes the momentum of two bodies after a two-body collision if the kinetic energy of the system is conserved?
must also be conserved
A 125 kg test dummy is thrown into an airbag at 35 m/s, coming to rest in 1.7s. What is the force recorded by the test dummy?
2600 N
The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body's change in
momentum
If a force is exerted on an object, which statement is true?
A small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object's momentum.
A hiker travels 4.6 km west, then 7.5 km south. Find the equilibrant displacement to get him back home.
8.8 km at 58° N of E
A single force can be represented by two forces (Fx and Fy) at right angles to each other. The two forces (Fx and Fy) are called ____ forces.
component
A sailboat experiences a tidal force of 3.00 X 10^3 N directed to the east and a wind force against its sails with a magnitude of 6.00 X 10^3 N directed toward the northwest. Find the equilibrant force required to keep the boat at a constant velocity.
4421N at 74° S of E
In the figure above, the horizontal component of the ball's velocity at A is
equal to the horizontal component if its initial velocity
At what point of the ball's path shown in the figure above is the vertical component of the ball's velocity zero?
B
The diagram above shows an object on an inclined plane. The object does not move on the inclined plane because Fgx balances Ff and:
Fn balances Fgy
In the figure above, the magnitude of the ball's velocity is greatest at location
D
A car goes forward along a level road at constant velocity. The additional force needed to bring the car into equilibrium is
Zero
Find the true angle of the vector if its x-component is 50 and y-component is -100.
297°
A waitperson pushes the bottom of a glass tumbler full of water across a tabletop. The tumbler and its contents have a mass of 0.70 kg, and the coefficient of kinetic friction for the surfaces in contact is 0.41. What is the frictional force between the glass and the tabletop? °
2.8 N
Mr. Maynard is shooting water balloons with his super launcher. One of the water balloons flies horizontally off the edge of a cliff at a velocity of 50.0 m/s. If the canyon below is 100.0 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff does the water balloon land?
226 m
A single force acts on an object. The components of this force act along the +x-axis and the -y-axis. The single force that will bring the object into equilibrium has components that act along the
-x-axis to +y-axis
A waitperson carrying a tray with a platter on it tips the tray at an angle of 12° below the horizontal. If the gravitational force on the platter is 5.0 N, what is the magnitude of the force parallel to the tray that tends to cause the platter to slide down the tray? (Disregard friction.)
1.0 N
Vector quantities are represented by arrows. If two vector arrows are combined, the vector that represents their sum is called the:
resultant
The path of a projectile through space is called its:
trajectory
A book with a mass of 2.0 kg is held in equilibrium on a board with a slope of 60.0° by a static frictional force. What is the frictional force exerted on the book?
17 N
A sculpture is suspended in equilibrium by two cables, one from a wall and the other from the ceiling of a museum gallery. Cable 1 applies a horizontal force to the right of the sculpture and has a tension, Fn. Cable 2 applies a force upward and to the left at an angle of 37.0° to the negative x-axis and has a tension, T. The weight of the sculpture is 5.00 X 10^3 N. What is T?
8310 N
In the figure above, at which point is the ball's speed about equal to the speed at which it was tossed?
C
Four forces act concurrently on a point as shown above. The resultant of the four forces is:
0.0 N
A stone is thrown at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal from the top edge of a cliff with an initial speed of 12 m/s. A stopwatch measures the stone's trajectory time from the top of the cliff to the bottom at 5.60 s. What is the height of the cliff?
120 m
What would be the signs of the x and y components, respectively, for a vector with an angle of 100°?
negative, positive
An athlete runs 40 meters north and 30 meters south. The resultant displacement of the runner is:
10 meters north
An object is in equilibrium when:
the net force on the object is zero
A student attempts to slide a block down a smooth, dry ramp as shown, but the block does not move. The most likely explanation is that:
the coefficient of static friction is too large to allow the block to slide.
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a 25.0-m cliff. The stone lands at a distance of 40.0 m from the edge of the cliff. What is the initial horizontal velocity of the stone?
17.7 m/s
Using the diagram , which vector best represents the resultant of forces F1 and F2 acting at point P?
C
A football is kicked at a velocity of 30.0 m/s at an angle of 60.0° above the horizontal. What is the maximum height the football attains?
34.5 m
Which of these are projectiles?
I. Baseball after being hit by a bat
II. Space shuttle just after it leaves the ground
III. Stunt car driving off of a cliff
I and III
Find the x-component of the vector with magnitude 15 and angle of 210°.
-13
A sled weighing 1.0 X 10^2 N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0° slope by a rope attached to a stake at the top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the slope acting on the sled?
94 N
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