Chemistry Exam Study Guide 2021

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The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element is a(n):
A. Atom
B. Electron
C. Proton
D. Neutron
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Terms in this set (33)
The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element is a(n):
A. Atom
B. Electron
C. Proton
D. Neutron
A. atom
Which discovery did J.J. Thomas make that improved upon Dalton's atomic theory?
A. Atoms contain tiny, negatively charged electrons
B. Atoms are always in motion
C. Atoms contain a tiny, positively charged nucleus
D. Atoms that combine do so in simple whole-number ratios
A. atoms contain tiny, negatively charged electrons
Which of the following is true about subatomic particles?
A. Electrons are negatively charged and are the heavist subatomic particle
B. Protons are positicely charged and the lightest subatomic particle
C. Neutrons have no charge and are the lightest subatomic particle
D. The mass of a neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton
D. The mass of neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton
The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?
A. Neutrons
B. Protons
C. Electrons
D. Protons and Electrons
B. Protons
An element has an atomic number of 76. The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of the element are:
A. 152 protons and 76 electrons
B. 76 protons and 0 electrons
C. 38 protons and 38 electrons
D. 76 protons and 76 electrons
D. 76 protons
The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom equals the
A. Atomic number
B. Nucleus number
C. Atomic mass
D. Mass number
D. Mass number
All atoms of the same element have the same
A. Number of neutrons
B. Number of protons
C. Mass number
D. Mass
B. Number of protons
Isotopes of the same element have different
A. Positions on the periodic table
B. Chemical behavior
C. Atomic number
D. Mass number
D. Mass number
What unit is used to measure weighted average atomic mass?
A. amu
B. gram
C. angstrom
D. nanogram
A. amu
What is the mass number for an oxygen atom that has 10 neutrons in its nucleus?
18 = mass #
Calculate the average atomic mass of argon, given the atomic masses & abundances of each of the isotoeps: argon-36 (3.7%), argon-38 (6.3%), and argon-40 (90%). (*Round to 2 decimal points)39.73 amuStandards of measurement are chosen because they A. Can be realted to everyday objects B. Are agreed upon by all scientists C. Cannot be destroyed D. Are easily changedB. are agreed upon by all scientistsThe quantity of matter per unit of volume is A. Mass B. Weight C. Inertia D. DensityD. DensityIf repeated measurements agree closely but differ widely from the accepted value, these measurements are A. neither precise or accurate B. accurate, but not percise C. both precise and accurate D. precise, but not accurateD. precise, but not accurateThe results of dividing 10^8 by 10^-3 is A. 10^-5 B. 10^8 C. 10^5 D. 10^11D. 10^11Which of the following is a derived unit in the metric system? a. volume b. length c. mass d. molea. volumeA 7.00 cm cube of gold has a mass of 6620 g. Calculate the density of the gold cube.19.3 g/cm^3The number of signigicant figures in the measurment 2010 cm is3Three samples of 1.12 g, 1.8 g, and 1.562 g are mixed together. The combined mass of the three samples, expressed to the correct number of sig figs, would be recorded as:4.5 gThe speed of light is 300000 km/s. In scientific notation, this speed is written to one sig fig as:3 x 10^5 km/sWhich term best describes the process by which particles escape from the surface of a nonboiling liquid and enter the gas state? a. surface tenstion b evaporation c. aeration d. sublimationb. evaporationForce holding particles together are strongest in a a. gas b. liquid c. solid d. vaporc. solidA state of matter in which a material has no definite shape but has a definite volume is the ___ state. a. solid b. plasma c. liquid d. gasc. liquidThe difference between crystalline and amorphous solids is determined by a. pressure when the substance are formed b. strength of molecular forces c. amount of order in particle arrangement d. temperature changesc. amount of order in particle arrangementDuring boiling, the temperature of a liquid a. increases b. approaches water's boiling point c. decreases d. remains constantd. remains constantWhich of these can happen due to decreasing the average energy of a liquids particles? a. freezing b. evaporation c. vaporization d. a random arrangementa. freezingBy which process do gases take the shape of their container? a. adhesion b. evaporation c. expansion d. diffusiond. diffusionHow much energy is found in 1.5 x 10^15 kg astroid moving at 22,000 m/s?3.6 x 10^23 JIf the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container? a. the pressure will increase b. it depends on the type of gas c. the pressure will not change d. the pressure will decreasea. the pressure will increaseWhy does air escape from a tire when the tire valve is opened? a. the pressure outside the tire is greater than the pressure inside the tire b. the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire c. there are more particles of air outside the tire than inside the tire d. the temperatrue is higher outside the tire that inside the tireb. the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tireIf a balloon is heater, what happens to the volume of the air in the balloon if the pressure is constant? a. it decreases b. the change cannot be predited c. it stays the same d. it increasesd. it increasesIf 4.0 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.4 atm have a volume of 120 liters, what is the temperature?2.0 x 10^3 KA gas takes up a volume of 15 liters, has a pressure of 2.5 atm and a temperature of 399 K. If I raise the temp to 355 K and lower the pressure to 1.5 atm, what is the new volume of the gas?V = 22L