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PHLEBOTOMY/EKG Final

Terms in this set (45)

The inferior surface of the heart is formed by the
right and left ventricles
The area in the middle of the thoracic cavity in which
the heart lies is the
mediastanum
Which of the following statements is correct?
A branch of the right coronary artery supplies the
right atrium and right ventricle.
The right atrium
receives blood from the superior and inferior
vena cavae and the coronary sinus.
Although about 70% of ventricular filling occurs passively, _ contributes an additional 1096 to 3096
of blood flow to ventricular filling.
atrial kick
Which of the following is the inner most layer of the
heart that lines its inner chambers and valves and is continuous with the innermost layer of the arteries, veins, and capillaries ofthe body?
Endocardium
When a ventricle relaxes in the normal heart, blood is prevented from flowing back into it by
an SL valve.
The right ventricle
pumps unoxygenated blood into the pulmonary
circulation.
The_______pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer layer ofthe heart wall called the _______
visceral. epicardium
Which of the following conditions are potentially
reversible?
Myocardial ischemia and myocardial injury
Which of the following statements is true regarding CO?
Within limits ,the more blood that is returned to the heart, the greater the volume of blood pumped during the next contraction.
A 65-year-old man presents with a sudden onset of substernal chest pain that radiates to his left arm and jaw and nausea.He stares that his symptoms began while a t r e s t The patient has a history o f coronary artery disease a n d had a three-vessel conary artery by pass graft last year.His medications include diltiazem. (Cardizem) and nitroglycerin. He has no .known allergies. _ _ 12. On the basis of the information presented, this
patient is most likely experiencing a(n)
ACS
Your assessment reveals that the patient is anxious, his skin is pale and sweaty, and his heart rate is faster than nonnal for his age. 1he patient's assel!iS- ment findings are most likely
caused by sympathetic stimulation and the
release ofnorepinephrine.
This patient's heart rate is faster than normal for his age. Why might this finding be a cause for concern?
Rapid heart rates shorten diastole and can result
in decreased CO.
The ST segment is measured from
The end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave.
Five large boxes, each consisting o f five small boxes, represent_ _ on ECG paper.
1 second
Which part of the conduction system receives an impulse from the SA node but delays relaying that impulse to the bundle ofHis, allowing time for the atria to empty their contents into the ventricles before the onset of ventricular contraction?
AV node
On the ECG, total supraventricular activity is reflected by
PR interval
In an adult, the normal duration of the QRS complex is
0.11 seconds or less.
The main electrolytes that affect cardiac function are
sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride.
The portion of the ECG tracing used to determine the degree of ST segment displacement is the
TP segment
In the normal heart, the primary pacemaker is the
SA node
Which o f the following surfaces o f the heart are not directly viewed when using a standard 12-lead ECG?
Right ventricle and posterior surface of the left
ventricle
U waves represent
repolarization of the purkinje fibers
___________cells are specialized cells of the electrical conduction system responsible for the spontaneous generation and conduction of electrical impulses.
Pacemaker
Where is the positive electrode placed in lead III?
Left leg or foot
When an ECG machine is properly calibrated, a 1-mV electrical signal will produce a deflection measuringexactly______tall.
10 mm
Which of the following are horizontal plane leads?
Leads V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6
You are caring for a 64-year-old man complaining of chest pain that he rates a 9 on a 0 to 10 scale. He states his symp- toms began 20 minutes ago while he was moving boxes in his garage.

You are applying ECG leads to this patient and will be using lead II for continuous monitoring. Lead II is an example ofa(n)
standard limb lead.
In lead II , the positive electrode is placed on the
left leg.
When analyzing this patient's ECG rhythm, the first areas of the rhythm strip that you should assess are
regularity and rate.
The patient's ECG shows four large squares between two consecutive R waves. Based on this informa- tion, you calculate the patient's heart rate to be _ _ beats/min.
75
When analyzing the leads facing the affected area of the heart, ECG evidence of myocardial injury is displayed as
ST-segment elevation.
Which of the following statements is true regarding analysis of the ST segment on this patient's ECG?
ST-segmentelevationviewedinleadITwould be considered clinically significantifalso seen
in lead III or a VF
A lead II rhythm strip obtained from a 38-year-old
woman with difficulty breathing reveals a regular atrial and ventricular rhythm, a ventricular rate of 120 beats/min, an upright P wave before each QRS complex, and a normal PR interval and QRS dura- tion. This rhythm is
sinus tachycardia
Which of the following rhythms originates in the SA node and is commonly phasic with breathing?
Sinus arrhythmia
Sinus arrest is a disorder of
impulse formation
SA block is a disorder of
impulse conduction
A 75-year-old man presents with weakness and "feeling lightheaded." His symptoms began about 30 minutes ago.

The patient's blood pressure is 75/4.0 mm Hg. pulse is
44 beats/min, and ventilations are 16 breaths/min. A bradycardia is present when the heart rate is less than
60 beats/min
You prepare to apply electrodes and lead wires to the
patient for continuous ECG monitoring in lead 11. LeadII views the
inferior surface of the left ventricle.
You are examining the waveforms on this patient's ECG. What is the name given to the first negative deflection observed after the P wave?
Q wave
As you measure the intervals on this patient's rhythm strip, you recall that the normal duration of the PR interval is_ _ second.
0.12 to 0.20
Analysis of the patient's ECG reveals ST-segment depression in lead II. Although this ECG find- ing must be noted in additional leads viewing the same area of the heart to be considered clinically significant, the presence of ST-segment depression suggests
myocardial ischemia
You interpret the patient's cardiac rhythm to be
a sinus bradycardia. A coworker applied a pulse oximeter, which revealed an oxygen saturation level of 89% on room air. Supplemental oxygen is now being administered. 1he patient reports that he continues to feel weak and lighthead.ed. A second set of vital signs have been obtained and are essentially unchanged. Which of the follow- ing statements is true with regard to this patient situation?
1he patient is showing signs of hemodynamic compromise. An IV line should be established and a 12-lead ECG obtained.
The patient's symptoms persist, and his vital signs are essentially unchanged. 1he cardiac monitor shows a sinus bradycardiawith ST-segmentdepres- sion. You should prepare to administer
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