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Promoting Health and Wellness Ch. 7

Terms in this set (24)

Wellness-Illness Continuum
A scale with exceptional wellness at the top and severe illness at the bottom.
Healthy People 2020
An initiative of the office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; it provides science-based health goals and objectives to prevent disease and improve national health. The goals and objectives are revised every 10 years.
Health Literacy
Refers to the ability of individuals to understand basic health information and to use that information to make good decisions about their health.
Acute Illness
Strikes suddenly and lasts for a limited time. Ex. food poisoning
Chronic Illness
One that lasts for an extended period, usually 6 months or longer, and is characterized by intensifying or improving symptoms. Ex. COPD
Remission
Periods of either minimal symptoms or a complete absence of symptoms.
Exacerbations
Periods of worsening symptoms.
Prodromal Phase
The phase of illness just before the onset of symptoms in which an individual doesn't feel well and experiences generalized body aches and fatigue.
Symptomatic Phase
The phase of illness in which observable symptoms develop.
Seeking Help Phase
The phase of illness in which an individual seeks help from a medical professional. In some cultures, an individual may seek help from a healer or other alternative practitioner.
Dependency Phase
The phase of illness after which an individual has sought help and decides to follow the advice or recommended treatment or to seek help elsewhere. In this phase, a person relies on others for help in diagnosis and treatment. An individual with a chronic illness often remains in the dependency phase because complete recovery is not possible.
Recovery Phase
The final phase of illness. During this phase, the individual slowly resumes independence and regains his or her health.
Risk Factors
Physiological, psychological, or genetic elements that contribute to the development of an illness or disease.
Stress
Identified as a nonspecific response of the body to an demand made on it.
Adaptation
The ability to positively adjust to changes that occur in an individual's world.
Coping Strategies
The actions people utilize to combat stress.
Acute diseases would include which of the following?
1. Influenza
2. Measles
3. Hypertension
4. Bacterial pneumonia
Answer:
1. Influenza
2. Measles
4. Bacterial pneumonia
An individual has been to his health-care provider for complaints of back pain and was informed that he has a bulging vertebral disk. He must now decide whether he wants to see a chiropractor for treatment, obtain a second opinion, or follow the instructions of this health-care provider. This individual is in which of the phases of illness?
1. Prodromal phase
2. Dependency phase
3. Seeking help phase
4. Recovery phase
Answer:
2. Dependency phase
Which of the following could be classified as stressors?
1. Getting married
2. Receiving a promotion at work
3. Losing a loved one
4. Having a much-wanted baby
Answer:
1. Getting married
2. Receiving a promotion at work
3. Losing a loved one
4. Having a much-wanted baby
You are working with a 28-year-old patient who drinks heavily and smokes two packs of cigarettes per day for stress relief. He tells you that his job is stressful because he works with "stupid people" and that his relationship with his girlfriend is often tumultuous. He says he has only hit her "once or twice" but says that they yell at one another often. He is overweight by about 40 pounds and mostly eats fast food. Which of the LHIs would you consider to be concerns for this patient
1. Access to health services
2. Injury and violence
3. Mental health
4. Nutrition, physical fitness, and obesity
5. Oral health
6. Substance abuse
7. Tobacco
Answer:
3. Mental health
4. Nutrition, physical fitness, and obesity
6. Substance abuse
7. Tobacco
A patient who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis tells you that she has not had any joint pain or swelling for 3 months. She is hoping it has "gone away for good." What is probably happening with this patient?
1. She is probably right and the acute phase of the illness is over.
2. Because this is a chronic illness, she is probably in a remission for now.
3. She is now in the prodromal phase of illness and no longer in the symptomatic phase.
4. She is in the recovery phase of illness and will no longer experience those symptoms.
Answer:
2. Because this is a chronic illness, she is probably in a remission for now.
Which are included in determining a person's health literacy?
1. Assess the patient's ability to comprehend health-care information and use it to make decisions.
2. Use a specific tool, such as an ice cream label, to assess the ability to use numbers and make calculations.
3. Ask the patient to determine if it would be safe to eat the ice cream if he or she were allergic to certain substances.
4 Ask the patient to read and define a list of common medical terms used to explain illnesses and treatments.
Answer:
1. Assess the patient's ability to comprehend health-care information and use it to make decisions.
2. Use a specific tool, such as an ice cream label, to assess the ability to use numbers and make calculations.
3. Ask the patient to determine if it would be safe to eat the ice cream if he or she were allergic to certain substances.
Which are modifiable risk factors for diseases?
1. Smoking
2. Diet high in fat
3. Genetic makeup
4. Age and gender
Answer:
1. Smoking
2. Diet high in fat
A patient is extremely stressed and decides to decrease some of her responsibilities outside of her family and job. She resigns from being PTA president and from being a Scout leader, as well as saying "no" to some church and social obligations. This is an example of using:
1. negative coping strategies.
2. minimization.
3. dissociation.
4. positive coping strategies.
Answer:
4. positive coping strategies.
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