Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Earthquakes Quizzes

Terms in this set (53)

The age of the earth is about:
4,540,000,000 years
The earth's outer core us though to be:
Fluid, composed primarily of iron and nickel, and the primary since of the earth's magnetic field
The outermost layer of the solid that is chemically distinct is called the
Crust
As the ambient confining
pressure increases, the strength of a rock:
Increases
As the ambient temperature increases, the strength of a rock:
Decreases
The location within the earth where rupture first starts in an earthquake is called the:
Hypocenter
The number of natural disasters associated with earthquakes appears to be
Staying the same/ increasing with time (either one works)
oceanic crust is formed primarily at
mid-ocean ridges
Deep earthquakes occur almost exclusively in
subduction zones
Benioff zones
Convergent plate boundaries
Subduction zones
places where plates are pushed down into the upper mantle
Benioff zones
...
Convergent plate boundaries
...
Hot spot
volcano that is not associated with a plate boundary
Which of the following statements is false:
All earthquakes occur on plate boundaries
Earthquakes along mid-ocean ridges are almost exclusively shallow
Almost all deep earthquakes occur in subduction zones
Transform faults are primarily strike-slip
All earthquakes occur on plate boundaries
The damage done by an earthquake depends primarily;y upon all BUT the following factors
Distance from the earthquake epicenter
Local geology
The magnitude of an earthquake
Time of day an earthquake occurs
Time of day an earthquake occurs
The outermost layer of the solid earth that is mechanically distinct is called the
Lithosphere
The seismic moment of an earthquake is
related to the dimensions and slip of a fault
As the ambient temperature decreases, the strength of a rock
increases
Locating earthquakes is commonly based on the fact that
P waves are faster than S waves
Continental crust is formed primarily at
Subduction zones
Deep earthquakes occur almost exclusively at subduction zones because
The shallow dip of the subduction interface results in a large fault area under brittle conditions
The speed of a tsunami is primarily dependent upon
The depth of the water body it is traveling through
Which of the following is a common precursor of a volcanic eruption
increase in seismic activity, increase in leakage of CO2 and SO2 gases, and ground uplift
Which of the following volcanoes is least like the others
A. Mt. Unzen, Japan (subduction zone, ring of fire)
B. Mt. Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Canary Islands (hot spot, Atlantic Ocean)
C. Mt. St. Helens, USA (subduction zone, ring of fire)
D. Mt. Merapi, Philippines (subduction zone, ring of fire)
B. Mt. Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Canary Islands (hot spot, Atlantic Ocean)
Which of the following famous eruptions was the largest
Mt. Krakatau, Indonesia 1883
B. Mt. Toba, Indonesia
c. 74,000 BCC. Mt. Vesuvius, Italy, 79
D. Mt. St. Helens, 1980
B. Mt. Toba, Indonesia
If a major tsunami were to be generated by an earthquake in northern Chile, how much warning time would you likely get if you lived in San Diego, CA?
12 hours
If an earthquake were to occur near San Diego, how much warning time could you expect to get if you lived 1000 km away in San Francisco?
3 minutes
How much of the sun's radiation reaching the earth actually gets reflected back into space?
30%
The term that applies to the fraction of solar energy reflected back from earth is called its
Albedo
Recently there was a news item reporting that scientists had located the deepest earthquake ever beneath Japan. How deep was this earthquake?
751 km
Which of the following is most likely to cause a dangerous tsunami?
A shallow offshore subduction zone earthquake near the Pacific coast of Mexico
Which of the following is an important ingredient in the generation of tornadoes in the central U.S.?
Cold dry air coming down from the north
Warm humid are coming up from the south
Warm, dry air coming in from the southwest
All of the above
all of the above
When are tornadoes in the U.S. most likely
April-July
Which of the following is the safest location to take refuge in the event of a tornado?
Mobile home
Large retail outlet
Car
Residential Basement
Residential basement
Most tornadoes in the U.S. move from
Southwest to northeast
Wind damage due to tornadoes is ranged by the:
Fujita scale
Which of the following is not an essential ingredient of a wildfire?
Fuel
Wind
Heat
Oxygen
Wind
Why are hurricanes absent at the equator
There is no Coriolis force at the Equator
Coriolis Force
The apparent force, resulting from the rotation of the Earth, that deflects air or water movement.
(Hurricanes in the Northern Hemisphere spin in a counterclockwise direction, whereas Hurricanes in the Southern Hemisphere spin in the clockwise direction).
Hurricane season for the US is generally taken to be
August- October
The Keeling Curve, derived from measurements on topper Mauna Loa, Hawaii
is an estimate of the global increase of CO2 over time
The "trade winds" of the tropics are associated with atmospheric convection in:
The Hadley Cell
The Hadley Cell
a system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical regions and creating major weather patterns.
The climate "Hockey Stick" first published by Michael Mann et al:
Indicates that current global temperatures exceed those inferred for the past 1000 years
Which of the following locales discussed in class represents a warning for those proposing to use underground CO2 sequestration to reduce greenhouse gas emissions:
Lake Nyos, Cameroon
Krakatoa, Indonesia
Tunguska, Siberia
Mt. St. Helens
Lake Nyos, Cameroon
Which of the following scales is used to report damage by a hurricane?
Saffir-Simpson
Which of the following is NOT accurate?
Hurricanes do not form at the equator
Tornadoes only occur between April and July
Hurricanes are defined by wind speeds greater than 74 miles per hour
Tornadoes are not primarily caused by Coriolis forces
Tornadoes only occur between April and July
Statistically speaking, a meteoroid about 100 meters in diameter-capable of regional devastation- enters earth's atmosphere about once every
10,000 years
Impact features found on earth
Are relatively small (e.g. < 10km) in diameter
Are accurately represented by NONE of the other statements
Are primarily found near the equator
All date from the earliest period of earth history e.g. the Hadean (> 4.0 billion years ago)
Are accurately represented by NONE of the other statements
Which of the following is NOT considered a likely hangout for comets:
The Kuiper belt
The Oort Cloud
The orbital "gap" between Mars and Jupiter
The orbital "gap" between Mars and Jupiter
Chicxulub is the name of the village in Mexico that:
Is the site of the inferred meteorite impact that cause the extinction of dinosaurs.
The seismic gap theory
Theory predicting the relative size and frequency of earthquakes in a given area, depending on the size and the frequency of other earthquakes in the area. (eg. areas that experience many small earthquakes will likely not experience a large one, whereas areas that go for long periods of time without an earthquake are likely to experience a larger earthquake)
Seismic moment
A measure of the size of an earthquake based on the area of fault rupture, the average amount of slip, and the force that was required to overcome the friction sticking the rocks together that were offset by faulting.
Verified questions
chemistry
Determine whether kinetic energy is being converted to potential energy or vice versa, in the following processes.\ Water cascades downward in a waterfall.
Verified answer
physics
Approximately when did the peak speed occur? (a) 25 s (b) 20 s (c) 10 s (d) 5 s
Verified answer
chemistry
Determine values of\ (b) $\beta_4$ for the formation of $\left[\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_2\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_4\right]^{2+}$.
Verified answer
chemistry
An ion that has three more protons in the nucleus than there are electrons outside the nucleus will have a charge of $\underline{~~~~~~~~~}$ .
Verified answer