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Juan Martinez, CFO of VIRMIN, S.A., is selecting the depreciation method to use for a new machine. The machine has an expected useful life of six years. Production is expected to be relatively low initially but to increase over time. The method chosen for tax reporting must be the same as the method used for financial reporting. If Martinez wants to minimize tax payments in the first year of the machine's life, which of the following depreciation methods is Martinez most likely to use?
a) Straight-line method
b) Units-of-production method
c) Double-declining balance method
a) Straight-line method
b) Units-of-production method
c) Double-declining balance method
The Industry and Business Risk excerpt states that, "Increased competition may lead to lower unit sales and excess production capacity and excess inventory. This may result in a further downward price pressure." The downward price pressure could lead to inventory that is valued above current market prices or net realizable value. Any writedowns of inventory are least likely to have a significant effect on the inventory valued using:
a) first-in, first-out (FIFO).
b) weighted average cost.
c) last-in, first-out (LIFO).
a) first-in, first-out (FIFO).
b) weighted average cost.
c) last-in, first-out (LIFO).
The tax reform signed into law under President Trump (the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of December 22, 2017) reduced the corporate tax rate from a maximum of 35% under the existing graduated rate structure to a flat 21% rate for tax years beginning 2018. Other things equal, this change in the tax code, considered in isolation, will most likely have the effect of
a) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations.
b) A decrease in deferred tax asset valuation allowances for U.S. corporations starting in 2018.
c) An increase in deferred tax asset valuation allowances for U.S. corporations starting in 2018.
a) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations.
b) A decrease in deferred tax asset valuation allowances for U.S. corporations starting in 2018.
c) An increase in deferred tax asset valuation allowances for U.S. corporations starting in 2018.
The tax reform signed into law under President Trump (the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of December 22, 2017) allows 100% expensing for certain business property acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017, and before January 1, 2023. It is an empirical fact that 95% of U.S. firms use straight line depreciation for financial reporting purposes. Other things equal, this change in the tax code, considered in isolation, will most likely have the effect of:
a) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
b) A decrease in deferred tax assets for U.S. corporations
c) No change in the value of deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
a) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
b) A decrease in deferred tax assets for U.S. corporations
c) No change in the value of deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
Other things equal, taken together, the rate reductions and expensing allowance changes in the tax code under the Trump tax cuts will most likely have the combined effect of
a) No change in the net value of deferred tax liabilities and assets for U.S. corporations
b) A decrease in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
c) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
a) No change in the net value of deferred tax liabilities and assets for U.S. corporations
b) A decrease in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
c) An increase in deferred tax liabilities for U.S. corporations
Stansfield Inc., presents it financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In 2020, Stansfield discloses a valuation allowance of $1,100 against total deferred tax assets of $20,000. In 2019, Stansfield disclosed a valuation allowance of $1,400 against total deferred tax assets of $18,000. The change in the valuation allowance most likely indicates that Stansfield's:
a) Marginal tax rates were reduced in 2020
b) Expectations of future earning power have increased.
c) Expectations of future earning power have decreased.
a) Marginal tax rates were reduced in 2020
b) Expectations of future earning power have increased.
c) Expectations of future earning power have decreased.
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