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Biology Final Review

Terms in this set (16)

What are the two key ingredients of natural selection?
reproduction and variation
In an evolutionary sense, "the fittest" refers to...
the most reproductively successful
What may happen if a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment?
the death rate may rise
What do all organisms have in common?
all organisms use DNA and RNA to pass on information
What is an advantage of asexual reproduction?
an organism does not have to find a partner to reproduce
What are the four causes of speciation?
1. geographic isolation
2. behavioral isolation
3. temporal isolation
4. reproductive isolation
Define adaptive radiation.
one species gives rise to many -- rapid evolutionary diversification of a single ancestral line
Define coevolution.
when two or more species affect each other's evolution
What does an evolutionary "arms race" refer to?
it refers to a predator evolving to its prey while the prey evolves to its predator
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide (DNA)?
a nitrogenous base (A, T, C, or G), a deoxyribose (sugar molecule), and a phosphate group
What is the only common organelle of animal, plant, and bacterial cells?
the ribosome, which synthesizes proteins
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya (BAE)
What are the six kingdoms?
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria
What is favored by directional selection?
one morph is favored, causing a shift in one direction
What is favored by stabilizing selection?
the average is selected, and the extremes die out
What is favored by disruptive selection?
the extremes are selected, and the average dies out
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