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Chapter 3 test AP gov (real study guide)

Terms in this set (46)

Which statement BEST summarizes the relationship between basic rights and the privileges ages and immunities clause?
The more fundamental the right , the better it is protected under the privileges and immuntities clasue
These are grants-in-aid provided to states with specific provisions on their use
categorical grants
Which statement BEST describes the trend of federal authority in the second half of the twentieth century?
Federal authority increased and expanded into the economy
Which of the following is a consequence of federalism in the United States?
A decreased cost of political participation
What provision in the Constitution grants Congress the authority to regulate INTERstate business and commercial activity?
Commerce Clause
These are powers granted to BOTH states and the federal government in the Constitution.
Concurrent powers
In this type of system, the subnational governments have most of the power.
Confederal System
This is a form of American federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy
cooperative federalism
These are the powers explicitly granted to the national government through the Constitution; also called expressed powers.
Enumerated Powers
The process of returning more authority to the states is called.
Devolution
Which type of grant-in-aid gives officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds?
Block grants
This is a form of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy.
Dual Federalism
The sharing of power between the national government and state governments is called
Federalism
Which constitutional amendment gave African-Americans the right to vote?
Fifteenth Amendment
The powers that ONLY the national government may exercise are called
Exclusive Powers
Which constitutional clause requires states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from another state?
Full faith and Credit Clause
Federal Money provided to states to implement public policy objective is called
Grants-in-aid
Which constitutional amendment states that persons born in the U.S. are citizens and prohibits states from denying due process and Equal protections to those citizens?
Fourteenth Amendment
The requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where the crime was committed is known as
Extradition
The federal government's use of grants-in-aid to influence policies in the state is called
Fiscal Federalism
The powers not granted specifically to the national government but considered necessary to carry out its enumerated powers are called
implied powers
Located in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, what language grants the congress the powers necessary to carry out its enumerated powers?
Necessary and proper clause
The powers NOT given to the national government, which are retained by the states and by the people
Reserved Powers
When the federal government apportions tax money to the states with NO STRINGS ATTACHED
Revenue Sharing
Which clause in the US Constitution prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state?
Privileges and immunities CLause
Which constitutional provision declares that the Constitution and all national laws and treaties are the Supreme law of the land?
Supremacy Clause
Which constitutional amendment reserves the powers that are NOT delegated to the National Government (nor denied to the states) to the states and the people; IT IS THE BASIS OF FEDERALISM!
Tenth Amendment
Federal requirements that the states MUST follow without being provided with funding are called
Unfunded Mandates
Which constitutional amendment abolished slavery?
13th
Which statement BEST summarizes the relationship between basic rights and the Privileges and Immunities Clause?
The more fundamental the right, the better it is protected under the Privileges and Immunities Clause.
Which statement BEST explains the precedent Chief Justice John Marshall set regarding the Constitution?
That congress has certain implied powers that are not listed in the constitution
Which statement BEST summarizes the system of dual federalism?
The state and national governments operate within their own areas of public policy
The process by which liberties in the Bill of Rights are applied to states on a case-by-case basis is know as
Selective Incorporation
Which of the following types of federal grants allows the state the greatest amount of discretion?
Revenue Sharing
Which of the following terms refers to a directive by the national government that requires states perform a specific action or adopt a specific policy?
a mandate
Over the last 100 years the Congress has increased its policy making power. Which of the following best accounts for this increase?
increased spending on the part of the national government
Which of the following is a power reserved to the states?
regulating INTRAstate commerce
Which of the following is a way that Congress can use to circumvent a Supreme Court decision that declared unconstitutional a piece of legislation because it exceeded the delegated power of the national government ?
Have Congress require the states to make similar laws as a condition of receiving federal grants
Which of the following is an accurate description of the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Lopez?
It caused a contraction of power of the national gov't due to a restrictive interpretation of the commerce clause
Based on the info in the pie graph and federalism as it is practiced in the U.S, which of the following is a logical implication regarding federal spending?
As federal spending shifts from one category to another, federal power shifts as well.
Which of the following would be the most likely outcome of an overall DECREASE in federal spending?
States would experience an INCREASE in decision making power
In 1964 the Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Among the many provisions of the act was a rule that prohibited most all business from discriminating based on race. Under what constitutional provision was the Congress exercising in the passage of the piece of legislation?
Necessary & Proper Clause
A member of the Senate desires to impact the public school curriculum. Which of the following best describes the likely outcome of a bill that would allow the U.S. Department of Education to establish uniform standards for mathematics instruction in secondary public schools?
The legislation would be constitutional if it created a requirement that states must comply w/standards in order to qualify for Fed. Education grants
Which of the following actions would most likely be considered unconstitutional?
A state prohibits out of state trucks from driving on its highways
A member of congress has introduced a bill that will convert a large number of block grant programs to categorical grants programs. If the bill passes, what is the most likely impact on the political system?
An increase in power of the national government over the states
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the info in the pie graph ?
Grants for education, training, employment & social services have decreased more than other grants.
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