EMT- Chapter TEST Respiratory

Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as:
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Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as:
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
alveoli
The two processes that occur during respiration are:
inspiration and extirpation
In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane
In a healthy individual, the brain stem stimulates breathing on the basis of:
increased carbon dioxide levels
When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal:
respiration increase in rate and depth
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing
24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with:
adequate air exchange
Which of the following statements regarding the hypoxic drive is MOST correct?
The hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels
When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should:
adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement but be prepared to assist his or her ventilation
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND), rales, ad depended edema are clinical indicators of:congestive heart failure (CHF)Which of the following conditions would LEAST likely result in hypoxia?sever anxietyWhich of the following statements regarding sever acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is correct?SARS is a viral infection that often begins with flu like symptomsAcute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of:toxic chemical inhalationWeakening of the airway in patents with chronic bronchitis is the result of:destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particlesThe respiratory distress that accompanies emphysema is caused by:chronic stretching of the alveolar wallsAsthma is caused by a response of the:immune systemAt the onset of an acute asthma attack, patients commonly experience difficulty breathing and:expiatory wheezingWhich of the following statements regarding anaphylaxis is correct?Anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypo tensionA 30- year old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medication. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all lung fields. His B/P is 90/50 mm Hg and his HR is 110 BPM. In addition to giving him 100% O2, the MOST important treatment for this patient is:epinephrineA 59 year old male with history of emphysema complains of acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is MOST likely causes of this patents condition?spontaneous pneumothoraxA pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as:fluid accumulation outside the lung.You are dispatched to a residence for a 67 year old female who was awakened by SOB and sharp chest pain. Her husband tells you that she was recently discharged from the hospital after having hip surgery. Your assessment reveals dried blood around her mouth, facial cyanosis, and an SP O2 of 88%. This patent's presentation is MOST consistent with:acute pulmonary embolismHyperventilation could be associated with all the following EXCEPT:a narcotic overdoseAlkalosis is a condition that occurs when:blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing.A young female is unconscious after intentionally ingesting a large amount of aspirin. You will MOST likely find her respirationsdeep and rapidCommon signs and symptoms of hyperventilation syndrome include:tachypnea and tingling in the extremitiesA 60 year old male presents with acute respiratory distress. He is conscious and alert, has pink and dry skin, and has RR 24 B/M with adequate depth. Which of the following treatment methods modalities is MOST appropriate for this patientoxygen via nonrebreather mask and a focused secondary assessmentYou receive a call for a 70 year old female with respiratory distress. Her husband tells you that she has CHF; however, he does not think she has been taking her medication as prescribed. The patient is laboring to breathe, appears tired, and has cyanosis around her lips, You should:assist her ventilation with a bag-mask (BVM) deviceWhen auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:abnormal breath soundsWhen assessing for fluid collection in the lungs during auscultation of lung sounds, you should:start at the lower fields and determine at which levels you start hearing clear breath soundsWhile auscultation an elderly woman's breath sounds, you hear low-pitched "rattling sounds at the bases of both lungs. With which of the following conditions is this finding MOST consistent?aspiration pneumoniaHarsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are characteristic of:stridorA conscious and alert 29 year old female with a history of asthma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temperature outside was 40 degrees F. On exam you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing 100% O2 you should.determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhalerWhich of the following statements regarding pulse oximetry is correct?Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen, but doesn't measure the actual hemoglobin content of the bloodYou are dispatched to an apartment complex where a 21 year old female has apparently overdosed on several narcotic medications. She is semiconscious and has slow, shallow respiration. You should:insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation.Albuterol is a generic name for:ProventilYou are assisting an asthma patient with his prescribed metered-dose inhaler. After the patient takes a deep breath and depresses the inhaler, you should:instruct him to hold his breath for as ling as he comfortably canA 22 year old female patient is complains of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiance. Her RR is 40 B/M. You should:provide reassurance and give O2 as neededA 62 year old man with a history of CHF presents with severe respiratory distress and an SPO2 of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands and can only speak in 2-3 word sentences at a time. You should:apply continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor is B/P and observe him of signs of improvement or deterioration.Which of the following is NOT a common sign/ symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?a rapid HRWhich of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?increased HR and increase stroke volumeWhich of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?Nitroglycerin usually relives anginal chest pain within 5 minMost patients are instructed by their physician to take up to _______ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMSthreeBlood that is ejected from the right ventricle:flows into the pulmonary arteries.A 66 year old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hrs duration. Her B/P is 140/90 mm Hg and her HR is 100 BPM and irregular, her RR is 22 BPM with adequate depth. The patient doesn't have prescribed nitro, but her husband does. You should:administer O2, give her 324 mg aspirin, and assess her furtherA patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because the:lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow.When treating a patient with chest pain, you should assume that he or she is having an AMI because:the cause of the pain cannot be diagnosed in the fieldSigns and symptoms of hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:have chronic hypertensionThe AED has delivered a shock to an elderly male in cardiac arrest. Following 2 min of CPR, you reanalyze the patients cardiac rhythm and receive "no shock advised" message. After further resuscitation, you restore a palpable carotid pulse. Your next action should be to:reassess airway and breathing and treat accordingly