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HLTH 165: EXAM 3

Terms in this set (77)

Delay Onset
Holding back the time before young adults use substances. This is because the younger you use the more likely it is you will have a substance problem
What are the aspects drug use is based upon?
1)Alters you conscious 2) availability 3)accessibility
How is addiction characterized?
Addiction is a complex illness in which you have 1) compulsive behavior 2) persistent changes in brain structure and function 3) continues abuse of drugs despite negative consequences
Signs of addiction
1)cravings for object/substance
2) loss of control over use
3)continuing to use despite adverse consequences
How is addiction learned, or can change over time?
Changes from "liking" something → to "wanting" → to "compulsion" to use

Compulsions can be caused by environmental cues
How does the brain adapt to drugs?
It produces less dopamine or fewer receptors. This is because the brain knows it does not have to work as hard to get the dopamine. This leads people to rely on the drug to simply "feel okay."
What are the different routes of administration?
Oral (20-30 minutes)
Inhaling (5-8 seconds)
Injection
-Intravenous (15-30 seconds)(Mainlining)
-Intramuscular (10-30 minutes) (slamming)
-Subcutaneous (15-30 minutes)(skin popping)
Mucosal exposure (8-10 minutes)
Transdermal (3-5 minutes)
Drug
Any substance that alters the natural working order of the body
Psychoactive drug
Drug which distorts the operation of CNS and crosses the blood/brain barrier (BBB)
Blood/Brain Barrier (BBB)
Barrier around the brain that is interwoven with fat cells meant to prevent substances from crossing
Initial vs Acquired
Initial: Born with it, a
Acquired: Developed over time
Reverse vs inverse tolerance
Inverse-acquired tolerance, heavy use leading to sensitivity (alcohol)
Reverse-initial tolerance, use leading to sensitivity (marijuana)
Cross-tolerance
increased tolerance to one substance which increases tolerance to another
Synergism
more than 1 drug combined can cause greater effects than simply some of their parts.
Heroine and neurotransmitters?
Turns off dopamine inhibition.
Increased dopamine causes immediate feelings of sedation and well-being.
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