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ap pysch unit 12 44 q's

Terms in this set (44)

Which of the following BEST conveys how someone with a pessimistic explanatory style would explain seeing a failing score on a psychology exam?
"I failed because I am bad at psychology. I am not sure why I even bother to study. I shouldn't even bother applying to college."
One of the brain abnormalities that is said to cause an increase in the positive symptoms of schizophrenia is an excess of which receptors in the brain?
Dopamine.
Ciara thinks she will fail her road test and never get her license even though she has completed all her driving hours and her instructor says she is a good driver.
Which of the following explains Ciara's behavior from the cognitive approach?
Her irrational thoughts cause her to doubt her ability, even though she has evidence to the contrary.
Franklin's short attention span has led to a decrease in his academic performance. In an interview with a psychologist, it was revealed that while his mother was pregnant with him, she was ill with a virus and he had a low birth weight.
What clinical diagnosis might the doctor consider?
Schizophrenia
Which of the following statements is true regarding mental illness and the legal system?
Even when suffering from a severe mental illness, most mentally ill people are not a danger to others.
What are phobias usually characterized by?
A persistent, illogical fear of a specific object or environment that prevents a person from living normally.
Harry's roommate is very concerned about his behavior. There are times when Harry uses a foreign accent, is aggressive, and says his name is Eddie. When questioned, Harry acts like he doesn't know what his roommate is talking about and denies any change in his behavior.
Which of the following could explain Harry's behavior?
Dissociative identity disorder
In the context of the legal system, to declare someone insane is to determine that the person
should not be held responsible for a crime due to a psychological disorder.
Eli has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. His doctor believes his condition has a biological root that is tied to a specific neurotransmitter in the brain.
Which of the following is responsible for the symptoms associated with schizophrenia?
An oversupply of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Sanjay is extremely worried about germs and getting sick. When in a crowded area, he constantly looks around to see if he can spot anyone that is ill. If he sees someone sneeze, he will immediately use hand sanitizer to clean his hands. He has started avoiding crowds and is suffering from peeling and cracking skin on his hands due to the overuse of hand sanitizer.
Which of the following disorders BEST explains Sanjay's behavior?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Jackson stepped on a bumble bee and was stung when he was four years old. Since that time, he has had a severe phobia of bees.
Which theory BEST explains Jackson's phobia?
Behavioral
After witnessing a plane crash, Gretchen resumed normal activities and was grateful for the life she was leading. However, several months later she started feeling panicky every time a plane flew overhead, and she refused to go to the airport.
Gretchen most likely would be diagnosed with
post-traumatic stress disorder.
Dr. Smith believes that his patient, Sarah, exhibits anxiety due to repressed anger and hostility towards her father who moved away when she was a young child.
This belief is MOST in line with which theory of psychopathology?
Psychodynamic.
Which of the following is an example of the traditional psychoanalytic approach to treating depression?
Nathan's psychiatrist uses free association to help determine the unconscious reason for his depression.
Silas was in a car accident six months ago. Since then, he has been anxious and irritable and has had trouble sleeping through the night because he wakes up to nightmares and flashbacks.
Silas is most likely suffering from
A
post-traumatic stress disorder.
Alicia suffers from excessive, ongoing worry, an unrealistic view of problems, and feels "edgy" and irritable frequently.
According to the DSM-5, what might she be experiencing symptoms of?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Ajax had a fight with their parents, left the house, and disappeared. Ajax was found 6 months later in a hospital with no memory of their identity.
Ajax's symptoms can be explained by which of the following disorders?
Dissociative identity disorder
After several weeks of feeling tired and lethargic, Terry experienced three weeks of intense energy during which he worked late into the night on his novel. While he was highly productive, he was easily angered, lashing out at anyone that offered criticism of his work. He was supremely confident that his novel was going to make him rich and famous.
Terry is MOST clearly demonstrating the symptoms of which disorder?
Bipolar disorder.
Sarah was the victim of an armed robbery at her work a year ago and still has flashbacks of the evening she was robbed. She is unable to get a good night's sleep and no longer wants to hang out with friends.
Which of the following is Sarah MOST likely suffering from?
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Cadence is below the recommended body weight for her height, but she still perceives herself as overweight and will often skip meals or eat as little as possible. Cadence is likely suffering from
anorexia nervosa.
Tom is an unethical businessman. He knowingly overcharges his customers for services and regularly adds items to invoices that he does not deliver. After being arrested for fraud, he tells his attorney that it was the customer's fault they were overcharged and shows no remorse for his wrongdoing.
According to the DSM-V, which disorder is Tom most likely suffering from?
Antisocial personality disorder
Elliott has been suffering headaches and diminished appetite and has been weepy for two weeks. She is finally feeling better, ​but now she feels as though she does not need to sleep and is agitated and constantly sweating.
What could Elliott be suffering from?
Bipolar disorder.
Which of the following disorders' causes are thought to be most strongly connected to biological factors and least connected to environmental factors?
Schizophrenia
Brenda has been diagnosed with anxiety. She shared this information with her employer, who subsequently started reducing her hours and using a tone of voice that one would use with a child.
What does this example illustrate?
The biasing power of diagnostic labels.
Elizabeth has been having trouble sleeping at night. She is always exhausted but does not seem to be able to fully relax at bedtime. She has become extremely irritable and has difficulty remaining focused on a task. Her husband says she seems to be in a state of constant worry.
Elizabeth worries about her finances, even though there is more than enough money in the bank to pay her bills. She worries about her young adult children's future, even though both are very successful professionals. Elizabeth realizes there is a problem, but she cannot do anything to relax. At her husband's persistence, she has agreed to go to the doctor.
Which popular DSM-5 disorder would BEST explain Elizabeth's condition?
Generalized anxiety disorder.
Felicia is in her senior year of high school. She has missed most of the senior activities scheduled throughout the year. She spends her time in her room, frequently not showering or getting up to eat meals. She blames herself for her discomfort around her friends and family.
What is Felicia most likely suffering from?
Major depressive disorder.
Which of the following is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations
The 5-HTTLPR gene accounts for about 30-40% of depression cases, but what else does the research indicate increases the likelihood of developing depression later in life?
Experiences of childhood abuse and neglect.
Jennifer believes she can control other people's thoughts. She has been diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Which symptom of schizophrenia is Jennifer exhibiting?
A delusion.
Five-year-old Charlie did not start speaking until he was almost three. He has limited communication skills and repetitive speech patterns. Charlie does not like being touched and prefers to play alone instead of with others. When Charlie becomes over-aroused or frustrated, he tends to resort to specific behaviors, such as flapping his arms.
Charlie is MOST likely to be diagnosed with which of the following?
Autism spectrum disorder.
sarah suffers from delusions and hallucinations. After her last few visits to the grocery store, she reported to her family that the tomatoes talked to her. She claims they told her the house is being spied on by the government, and they must keep all of the lights off at night. She has become extremely paranoid and difficult to deal with. She rarely sleeps and refuses to listen or go to the doctor.
Based on the DSM-5, which of the following disorders would BEST explain Sarah's behavior?
Schizophrenia.
Collin is an even-tempered, well-liked college junior. On a recent visit home, he is extremely agitated and quick tempered. He claims his roommates have installed surveillance cameras and are planning to hurt him. For protection, he stays awake at night. In the middle of the night, Collin's parents are awakened by loud screaming coming from Collin's room. They find him wide awake yelling at the chair. Out of fear for their son's safety they take him to the local emergency room.
Which of the following psychological disorders is Collin MOST likely experiencing?
Schizophrenia
According to the biological perspective, schizophrenia is the result of
an overabundance of dopamine in the brain.
On Monday, Niti saw foxes running around the classroom while she was taking a test. On Wednesday, she believed she was a fox and started running around the classroom.
How would psychologists classify her symptoms?
Seeing foxes would be a hallucination; believing that you are a fox would be a delusion.
Memory dysfunction and altered perceptions of identity are MOST characteristic of which diagnostic category of psychological disorders?
Dissociative
David is preoccupied with unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions. He believes if he goes to school his father will get sick.
With which of the following psychological disorders might David be diagnosed?
Obsessive compulsive disorder.
Clive is suffering anxiety and is unable to participate in normal daily activities. He decides to go to a therapist to help him resolve his issues so he can live normally in the future. The therapist directs Clive to explore his past to discover the source of his illness.
What type of psychologist did Clive see?
Psychodynamic
During a manic period, how is a person likely to feel?
Optimistic
For the past few months, Phil has been overcome with anxiety. He constantly worries about work and his family, even though his job is great and he has no problems at home. He knows his feelings are irrational, but he cannot stop himself from always thinking about what could happen. He is not sleeping well at night, has difficulty concentrating, and has been having an irregular, racing heartbeat for the past few weeks.
Based on the DSM-5, which condition BEST explains Phil's behavior?
Generalized anxiety disorder.
Which of the following is the BEST example of a psychological disorder?
Maladaptive, atypical behavior.
Several months ago, Lucy was mugged by a man with a knife. Now she has regular nightmares about the incident and frequent flashbacks that force her to remember how she felt that day.
Lucy may be suffering from
post-traumatic stress disorder.
Which of the following is a symptom of schizophrenia?
Disorganized thinking.
A person's risk of developing schizophrenia dramatically increases if they
have a parent or sibling with the disorder.
Corbin has a fear of water after watching his mother act fearfully at the pool and beach. Corbin's fear can be best explained by
social learning theory.
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