Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Chapter 4 Quiz question

Terms in this set (50)

Chapter 14: which test would be most helpful if you want to assess personality traits and the presence of symptoms of psychological disorders in your subjects?
MMPI
L. is 14-years-old and has recently become interested in girls. He likes that way they look and wonders what it would be like to kiss a girl. According to Freud, L. is in the _________ stage of development
genital
Neo-Freudians placed greater emphasis than did Freud on the role of ______________ in personality development
the conscious mind
learned helplessness is most likely to be associated with
an external locus of control
In assessing a clients personal growth, Carl Rogers measured the correspondence between:
the ideal self and the actual self
Card players who attribute their wins to their own skill and their losses to bad luck best illustrate
self-serving bias
which of the following techniques was Freud most likely to use in an attempt to discover the hidden conflicts underlying his patients symptoms?
free association
which contemporary theoretical approach is most directly descended from Freud's psychoanalysis?
psychodynamic theories
When 16-year-old Hafez received a large inheritance from his grandfather, he was tempted to purchase an expensive new car. He decided, instead, to deposit all the money into a savings account for his college education. Hafez shows signs of a
strong ego
According to Freud, the _________ is a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware
unconscious mind
J. uses laxatives in an attempt to lose some of the weight she gained from binge eating J. most clearly demonstrates symptoms of
bulimia Nervosa
D. has experienced a number of unpredictable, shrot periods in which she suddenly feels terrified and thinks she is going to faint. D. is most likely suffering from
panic disorder
Repeatedly thinking about your own death is to ________ as repeatedly washing your hands is to ________.
Obsession, compulsion
K. is extremely manipulative and can look anyone is the eye and lie convincingly. His Deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates
antisocial personality disorder
which of the following could best be described as a negative symptom of schizophrenia
flat effect
Sudden, intense, and short-lived anxiety is to _____ as ongoing, persistent, and global anxiety is to _____.
panic disorder, Generalized anxiety disorder
Obsessions are
offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person
positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the __________ of inappropriate behaviors, and negative symptoms are the __________ of appropriate behaviors
presence; absence
In terms of neurotransmitter levels, depression is associated with
low norepinephrine levels and low serotonin levels
in which of the following disorders is a person continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal?
generalized anxiety disorder
personality disorders are best described as:
inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
Evidence suggest that _____________ contribute(s) to schizophrenia
prenatal viral infections
B. suffers. from chronic depression. How is she most likely to respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the previous day?
"I am academically incompetent and always will be"
Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity are most characteristic of
dissociative disorder
J. has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. He is uncommunicative and shows no physical signs of emotion. His behavior is most clearly an indication of
flat affect
Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by
Disruption in conscious awareness and sense of identity
Self-blaming attributions are most likely to be associated with
depression
Mr. S has not left his home for 10 years for fear of having a panic attack. When he does think of leaving his home, he begins to hyperventilate, shake, and experience chest pains. Mr. S has the symptoms of
agoraphobia
there is some evidence that a relatively low level of autonomic nervous system arousal may contribute to
antisocial personality disorder
L. has been diagnosed with a psychological disorder called agoraphobia. L. is most likely to have an intense fear of
having a panic attack in a public place
psychoanalytic techniques are designed primarily to help patients
become aware of their repressed conflicts and impulses
the first psychological therapy was introduced by
Sigmund Freud
Reflection is a technique most likely to be used by ____________ therapists
huministic
instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ______________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self fulfillment
humanistic
neuroleptics are
DA antagonists
H. explains to her therapists that she feels like she is a disappointment to her family. Her client-centered therapist responds, "I am hearing that you feel you have let your family down and would like to change that" H.'s therapist is trying to demonstrate
Self-awareness*
A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be
eclectic
Tardive dykinesia is associated with the long-term use of certain ________ drugs.
neuroleptics/antipsychotics
Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events?
cognitive therapy
A. feels so hopeless and depressed that he has recently thought about taking his own life. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to him is
An SSRI
While eating at a restaurant, you see a waiter's serving tray tilt and an avalanche of food and beverages splatters on four people. "What a careless, clumsy idiot," you mumble to yourself as you resume eating. You have just committed an attributional bias called:
committed the fundamental attribution error
T. just spent an evening watching pornographic movies of attractive women who actually seemed to enjoy being sexually coerced, this experience may lead him to
be more willing to hurt women
After Y.'s father refused to let him use the family car on Friday night, Y. let all the air out of the tires. His action is best explained in terms of:
the frustration-aggression principle
cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that
our attitudes and actions clash
Professor E. wrote a very positive letter of reccomendation for a student despite having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the students abilities
cognitive dissonance theory
Repeated exposure to sexually explicit films causes viewers to
increase mens readiness to behave aggressively toward women and to be more accepting of short prison scentences for convicted rapists
which of the follwing would be most consistent with a GRIT strategy
announcing that defense expenditures will be cut by 5 percent and inviting the enemy to do likewise
discrimination is best described as
an unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group of people and its members
While studying in the crowded library Z. hears a crashing noise and then someone moaning. The commotion appears to have come from behind closed doors marked "staff only". Nobody near Z seems concerned so Z. goes back to her studying. This example best illustrates
the bystander effect
People may unconsciously harbor negative racial associations. This best illustrates the subtle nature of
implicit prejudice
Other sets by this creator