Civil War & Reconstruction

William T. Sherman

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Terms in this set (45)

the Union general who led a 400 mile march of destruction through Georgia and the railroad hub

16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

Black codes

Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War

Anaconda Plan

Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south

Compromise of 1850

Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War

Sharecropping

A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

Tenant Farming

system of farming in which a person rents land to farm from a planter

Georgia Platform

• document from GA to the U.S.A.
that showed GA was trying to stay
in union
• said GA would stay if...
1. U.S. must abide by rules of Comp.
of 1850
2. U.S. must stop trying to block new
slave states

Emancipation Proclamation

Proclamation issued by Lincoln, freeing all slaves in areas still at war with the Union.

March to the Sea, 1864

William Sherman leaves destruction, leaves path of burned destruction, from Atlanta to Savannah

Fugitive Slave Lawthis law required that northern states forcibly returned escaped slaves to their owners.Fort SumterFirst battle of the Civil WarMissouri Compromise"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.Tariffsnullification controversy was a result of Andrew Jackson's use ofNullificationThe doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution.Dred Scott DecisionSupreme Court ruling that declared slaves were not viewed as citizens but as propertyReconstructionthe period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the UnionAbolitionistA person who wanted to eliminate slaverySecessionthe formal withdrawal of a state from the UnionAntietam 1862The battle here was the bloodiest day during the Civil War (22,000 casualties in one day). and was the first Union victory in the eastern theater. After this battle Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.AndersonvilleConfederate war camp in Georgia with terrible conditions for Union soldiersChickamaugalargest battle fought in Georgia and resulted in Confederate victoryAtlanta Campaign•Sherman led: From Chattanooga to Atlanta, series of battles in 1864 •Goal: Get to and capture Atlanta13th Amendmentabolished slaveryAtlantaKnown as the workshop of the ConfederacyEmancipation ProclamationTransformed the Union's goal of the war A speech given by Lincoln that freed all slaves14th AmendmentDeclares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the lawsFreedman's BureauOrganization that was created to help African American adjust to their newly gained freedom15th AmendmentCitizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or previous servitudeKu Klax Klan (KKK)A secret organization that used terrorist tactics in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War.South Carolina/Election of 1860Which state was the first to secede from the union? What event was the cause of the secession?to cut off the confederacy from trading with other countriesWhat was the purpose of the naval blockade by the Union ships?Battle of Atlanta (July 22, 1864)gave Union army the ability to gain complete control over Confederate rail lines in the "Deep South" and set the stage for Sherman's "March to Sea?Abraham Lincoln's election of 1860Made divide between north and south worse; Southerners thought they would lose their power and Lincoln would take away their way of lifeAnaconda PlanUnion war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of southIroncladwarship covered with protective iron plates used in the Civil WarLincoln's Reconstruction PlanA plan that offered reinstatement for Southern states as long as 10% of the state swore allegiance to the Union. This was created in an attempt to create a moderate peace plan that wouldn't upset the South.Congressional ReconstructionA process led by the Radical Republicans that led to the usage of military force to protect blacks' rights.Johnson's Reconstruction PlanRequired former Confederate states to ratify the 13th amendment before they could rejoin the unionRatifyto pass or approveBlack CodesLaws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil Warcottonnumber 1 Cash Crop in the South in the 1800's before and during Reconstruction EraBlack Legislators during Reconstructionsupported public education; non-citizens but held office before the 14th amendment was ratifiedRemoval of Black Legislators from General AssemblyThe action taken by white members of the General Assembly after they allowed blacks to vote and several blacks were elected to the General Assembly in 1868repealto revoke or withdraw formally or officially