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Pharmacotherapy 3 Final Exam: Anxiety

Terms in this set (62)

which of the following describes the epidemiology of anxiety?

more common in males
lifetime prevalence highest for SAD
GAD has earliest age at onset
SAD has earliest age at onset
lifetime prevelance highest for SAD

SAD has earliest age at onset

(more common in females)
what are the two first line medications in all anxiety disorders (except OCD)?
SSRIs and SNRIs
how long should treatment for anxiety disorders last?
at least 12 months

some require many years
which benzos should not be used in elderly patients or those with hepatic disease due to the risk of oxidation impairment resulting in accumulation?

lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
oxazepam
clonazepam
diazepam
alprazolm
clorazepate
diazepam

chlordiazepoxide

clorazepate

alprazolam

(clonazepam accumulates due to long half life)
(diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate accumulate due to long half life - DMDZ metabolite)
what are the most common AEs for benzos?
sedation, fatigue

difficulty concentration, memory problems

pscyhomotor slowing (impaired driving)

ataxia, falls

paradoxical excitement (irritation, aggitation) - esp in elderly or developmentally disabled

respiratory depression - usually only with severe respiratory disease, overdose, or when combined with other CNS depressants
which benzos interact with fluoxetine and fluvoxamine?

lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
oxazepam
clonazepam
diazepam
alprazolm
clorazepate
diazepam

(CYP2C19 inhibitors)
which benzos interact with nefazodone, fluvoxamine, and carbamazepine?

lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
oxazepam
clonazepam
diazepam
alprazolm
clorazepate
alprazolam
clonazepam
chlordiazepoxide

(nefazodone, fluvoxamine = inhibitors)
(CBZ = inducer)
what agents increase CNS depression with benzos?
alcohol
opioids
antihistamines
antidepressants
antipsychotics
what two benzos do not have any CYP interactions?

lorazepam
chlordiazepoxide
oxazepam
clonazepam
diazepam
alprazolm
clorazepate
lorazepam and oxazepam
BBW for benzos
risk of CNS depression, extreme sleepiness, respiratory depression, coma, and death when used in combination with opioids

risks of abuse, addition, physical dependence, and withdrawal reactions
elderly patients usually require ___% of the dosage required for younger adults
50%
true or false: higher doses are needed to treat anxiety vs panic
false - higher for panic
what is the standard for dosing of benzos?
lorazepam

(least potent = oxazepam (15x as much))
(most potent = clonazepam (need 0.25 as much))
which of the following has indefinite duration, onset is weeks to months, and has similar symptoms to original

relapse
withdrawal
rebound
relapse
which of the following lasts days, onset is hours to days, and symptoms are MORE INTENSE than original

relapse
withdrawal
rebound
rebound
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