DAT Organic Chemistry

Exothermic Reaction
surroundings will be ...
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Terms in this set (17)
Exothermic Reaction
surroundings will be ...
process that give off heat and transfers that heat energy from the system to its surrondings.
-warmer
example is burning of gasoline.
endothermic reaction
requires heat to be supplied to the system from the surrounding
bond dissociation energy
energy required to break a covalent bond
-triple bond is higher in energy, then double, then single
Every chemical reaction requires energy of activation. This can be supplied as -- and ---

what does a catalyst do?

without enzymes, this will require(less/ more) heat and an organsims can die
-heat or light

-lowers the activation of energy

-more
Transition state
stable or unstable /// short-lived or long
isolated or nonisolated
-occurs at the energy maximum, at the top of the energy hill.
-unstable, short lived,
-unisolated
reaction intermediate
more stable or unstable compared to TS
longer or shorter lifetime?
isolated or nonisolated
-found at the energy minimum, of two successive energy hills. Between the two TS and the lowest point
-stable
-longer lifetime
-isolated
Hydrogenation of alkenes
Lower delta H=
higher stability
carbon radical
acts as a
what kind of species?
does not satisfy the octet rule
-neutrophile
-neutral
Elimination
Alchols do not undergo elimination reactions cause of the -- group. To fix this addition of an ---such as H3PO4 and H2SO4 will do the trick

for elimination to occur it must have a
-OH
-acid
-beta-hydrogen
Addition
---- is usually the proton
-changes the hybridization of the alkenic carbon from Csp2 to Csp3.
-electrophile(lewis acid)
infrared sprectroscopy below 1300 is what region?-finger print regionChirality (does or does not ) have plane of symmetry-carbon atoms that is bonded to 4 different atoms or groups. -does notR/S notation which one is in the back of the plane R is (clockwise or counterclockwise )and called? S is (clockwise or counterclockwise) and called?-1 highest(I) -2(Br) -3(Cl) -4 lowest (H) example -4 -Rectus, clockwise -Sinistrus, counterclockwiseEnatiomers a mixture of 50;50 for both enatiomers is called----and will not rototate of polarized lightnonsuperimposable mirror images, one will rototate to left other will go to the right, difficult to seperate -racemic mixtureDiastereomersstereoisomers that are not mirror images, easier to seperate then enatiomersmeso compound (total opposite)multiple chiral centers -optically inactive -have plane of symmetrythree types of conformationalanti 180 most stable (opposite) gauche 60 syn 0 least stable (look the same)