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History Chp 5 Study Guide

Terms in this set (46)

Articles of Confederation
________________ plan for a loose union of the states under authority of Congress
Regulating trade & imposing taxes
The Articles of Confederation gave the Confederation Congress certain powers. What powers were excluded?
Northwest Ordinance
________________________ provided the basis for governing much of the western territory
England
During the boycotts of the 1760s and the Revolutionary War, American artisans and manufacturers had prospered by making goods that people previously bought from _______________________________.
Land their goods at states that had the lowest taxes or fewest restrictions
After the Revolutionary War, the taxes and restrictions the states imposed on imported goods caused British merchant to ________________.
Duties
___________________ taxes on imports
Georgia
A major dispute with Spain involved the border between Spanish territory and the state of ____________________.
Recession
________________________ economic slowdown
Paper money
Beginning in 1785, seven states began issuing __________.
The republic itself was at risk
People with greater income saw Shays's Rebellion as a sign that ______________________.
Call a convention of the states to revise the Articles of Confederation
News of Shays's Rebellion and unrest elsewhere convinced the Congress to _____________________________.
Nationalists
_______________________ people who supported a stronger central government
James Madison
______________________ kept a record of the Convention debates & was the main author of the Virginia Plan
Benjamin Franklin
_____________________ elderly at the time of the Constitutional Convention, his experience and good humor helped smooth the debates; chaired the convention committee to resolve the differences between the large and small states
Rhode Island
The only state that did not send delegates to the Constitutional Convention was __________________.
Edmond Randolph
__________________________ governor of Virginia who presented the Virginia Plan
Large states
The Virginia Plan would benefit __________________.
William Patterson
_____________________ proposed the New Jersey Plan
New Jersey Plan
___________________ modified the Articles of Confederation to make the central government stronger.
Roger Sherman
_________________ voiced the Connecticut Compromise
Population
The Great Compromise proposed that in one house of Congress—the House of Representatives—the states would be represented according to the size of their ____________.
Three-Fifths Compromise
The compromise that stated every five enslaved people in a state would count as three free persons for determining both representation and taxes was called the _______________.
Popular sovereignty
__________________________ rule by the people
Federalism
_____________ divided the government between the federal, or national, government and the state governments.
Separation of powers
The Constitution provided for a ____________________ among the three branches of government.
Legislative branch of government
___________________________ two houses of Congress that would make the laws
Judicial branch of government
__________________________ system of federal courts that would interpret the laws
Executive branch of government
________________________ headed by a president who would implement and enforce the laws
Checks and balances
The system created to prevent any one of the three branches of government from becoming too powerful is called _____________________________.
Veto
_____________________ Presidents power to reject legislation
Impeach
_____________________ Congress power to formally accuse the president
Amendments
_____________________ changes to the Constitution
Proposal and ratification
Amending the Constitution requires _________________.
Federalists
People pushing for ratification of the Constitution called themselves _____________________.
Anti-federalists
Opponents to the Constitution were called _____________.
State governments would be supreme
The real issue for opponents of the Constitution was whether the national government or _______________.
Sam Adams
_______________________ great patriot from Massachusetts who had objections to the Constitution
John Hancock
______________________ prominent Antifederalist
The Federalist
__________________________ a collection of essays written by James Madison
States
Antifederalists opposed the Constitution because they though it endangered the independence of the _______________.
Nine
How many states had to vote in favor of the Constitution in order to put it into effect? ________
Merchants
Supporters of the Federalists and the Constitution included large landowners, artisans, farmers who lived near the coast or along rivers that led to the coast, and ____________.
North Carolina
By July 1788, all states had ratified the Constitution except Rhode Island and ________________________.
A bill of rights
What did the Federalists promise to add to the Constitution after ratification?
Alexander Hamilton
________________ delayed the final vote in New York until news arrived that New Hampshire and Virginia had both ratified.
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ESSAY During the debates at the Constitutional Convention, in what ways were the states divided geographically?
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