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Which one of the following statements show that the EMT knows how to correctly position the BVM on the patient's face?
d. "I place the narrow part of the mask over the bridge of the nose, and the bottom part in the cleft on the chin."
A paramedic has asked you to place the patient on a nonrebreather mask at 15 liters per minute. To administer oxygen at this flow rate, you should:
b. select 15 on the oxygen flow-control adjustment dial.
Which one of the following statements indicated that the EMT has a correct understanding of the use of oxygen inthe prehospital setting?
d. "Oxygen can effectively be administered to all patients in the prehospital setting."
You arrive at work and note that the portable oxygen tanks in the ambulance rae now yellow instead of green as during the previous shift. As a knowledgable EMT you should:
c. remove the tank and retrieve a green cylinder.
You are assessing a patient with congestive heart failure, and you determine that her failing heart is causing fluid to collect and fill her alveoli. Based on this pathophysiology, for which one of the following pulmonary complications should the EMT treat the patient?
c. Decreased gas exchange.
You arrive at a residence for a male patient who is unresponsive. As you enter the room, you observe an obese male lying on a reclinder. His eyes are closed, and he has gurgling respirations. While your partner quickly performs a primary assessment, you should immediately prepare to:
c. suction the airway.
You are checking the D oxygen tank in the ambulance and note that the reading on the pressure regulator reads 1000 psi. "You should recognize that the tank is:
d. half full.
You must suction copious secretions from the mouth and oharynx of a 31 year old patient whose respiration rate is four breaths per minute. Which one of the following interventions is most appropriate given the patient's condition?
d. Suction for no more than 15 seconds at a time followed by two minutes of positive pressure ventilation.
The EMT exhibits an accurate understanding of breathing when he states:
b. "Inhalation requires energy, while exhalation for most patients is a passive process."
Which one of the following actions indicates that the EMT is correctly using a nonrebreather face mask on an adult patient?
b. He fully inflates the reservoir prior to placing it on the patient.
When inserting a nasopharyngeal airway, the EMT should remember that the:
d. nasal mucosa may bleed even with proper insertion.
Which one of the following set-ups on the bag-value mask (BVM) will enable the EMT to deliver the highest concentration of oxygen to the pateint?
c. BVM with oxygen reservoir attached, receiving oxygen at 15 lpm
You are assessing a patient withe altered mental status. Which assessment finding contraindicates the use of the nonrebreather face mask?
a. Respiratory rate of 18, with poor titdal volume.
Which one of the following patients should the EMT recognize as having an actual or potential occlusion of the airway?
c. 3 year old male with a fever and swelling of the larynx.
You have opened the airway using a head tilt-chin lift and are ready to ventilate an apneic patient with a pocket mask. The first ventilation you attempt is unsuccessful. You should immediately:
d. reposition the head.
Your medical director is holding an in-service focusing on the prehospital management of adult patients with respiratory complaints. He asks the group to explain how they can determine if the pateint is breathing adequately. Which one of the following responses is most appropriate?
c. For an adult patient to be breathing adequately, the rate should be within 8 to 24 breaths per minute with a full chest rise with each breath.
You are having a difficult time getting air from the bag-valve mask to pass inot the patient's lungs. Your first action should be to:
d. re-perform the head tilt-chin lift.
You are assessing a young male patient who is responsive to painful stimuli and breathing agonally after being ejected from an automobile at a high rate of speed. His pulse is weak and thready, and his skin is cool and diaphoretic. When addressing his airway and breathing, the EMT must immediately:
b. perform the jaw-thrust and begin artificial ventilations with the bag-valve mask.
Which one of the following tips should you give a new EMT about artifically ventilating a patient with the bag-valve mask?
a. "It is important to maintain the head tilt-chin lift or jaw-thrust maneuver while ventilating the patient."
The EMT believes that a patient is mildly hypoxic based on findings from the primary assessment. What other sign could the EMT use to confirm his suspicion of mild hypoxia?
d. Restlessness.
A 21 year old femail has overdosed on an unknown drug. She has snoring respirations and an intact gag reflex. She has weak respiratory effort and is slightly cyanotic. Given the assessment findings, your care should include:
d. insertion of a nasal airway.
Which one of the following is obstructing the airway when snoring is heard?
b. The tongue.
You are assessing a patient who oversdosed on a medication and is unresponsive. Given this situation, what is the greatest concern regarding potential airway occlusion?
a. Relaxation of the tongue.
Which one of the following statements about an automatic transport ventilator (ATV) is true?
b. It can help minimize gastric distention associated with positive pressure ventilation.
Which one of the following statements about the flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device is true?
c. "It can be used to ventilate spontaneously breathing patients."
You are using an automatic transport ventilator (ATV) for a patient who has a poor respiratory effort. Which one of the following is the best indicator of adequate ventilation?
d. The chest rises and falls.
For which one of the following patients is placement of an oropharyngeal airway indicated?
a. Unresponsive patient who has no gag reflex.
You are caring for a 46 year old male patient who is unresponsive. Which one of the following statements made by your partner indicates the need to immediately stop suctioning the patient's airway and resume positive pressure ventilation?
a. "His heart rate is 48 beats per minute."
Which one of the following best describes oxygen?
a. A gas classified as a drug.
While the EMT is inserting an oropharyngeal airway, the patient gags. The EMT should:
d. remove the airway and maintain the head tilt-chin lift.
Which one of the following statements shows that the EMT knows how to properly size an oral airway prior to placement?
d. "The airway should approximate the distance from the front teeth (or corner of the mouth) to the angle of the jaw."
The EMT shows that she understands how to use an oropharyngeal airway when she states:
d. "I must watch the patient for vomiting or spasm of the vocal cords even with proper insertion."
Why is the jaw-thrust maneuver indicated for a patient with a possible spine injury?
d. It manipulate the head and cervical spine less than the head tilt-chin lift.
A patient was eating dinner when he got a pice of food caught in his throat. Although coughing has failed to remove the food, he remains able to move an adequate amount of air into and out of his lungs. A nonrebreather has been applied and vital signs are stable. During transport, the patient suddenly begins to exhibit stridorous respirations. Your immediate action should be to:
b. perform abdominal thrusts.
The EMT should use the jaw-thrust maneuver to open the airway for the patient with which one of the following?
a. Unresponsive after falling from the porch.