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Legal Status of Cannabinoids: Dazed and Confused (ACPE) 0430-0000-21-110-H03-T

Terms in this set (10)

1. The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) did the following, EXCEPT: A. Establish the five schedules of "C" drugs. B. Provide increased funding for drug treatment programs C. Establish the Federal Bureau of Narcotics*** D. Eliminate mandatory minimum sentencing for drug crimes
Rationale: C. The FBN was established many years earlier to administer the various tax acts. The DEA was established a few years after the CSA to administer the new act. The other answers are correct.
2. Which of the following receptor activities is most likely to impart psychoactivity/euphoria to a cannabinoid? A. Acting as an agonist at CB-1 receptors*** B. Acting as an agonist at CB-2 receptors C. Acting as an agonist at CB-1 and CB-2 receptors D. Acting as an agonist at transient receptor potential receptors
Rationale: A. The CB-1 receptor mediates the CNS effects of the cannabinoids, including the psychoactivity. The CB-2 receptor has peripheral effects. The TRP receptors are important targets for many of the therapeutic actions of cannabinoids but do not mediate psychoactivity.
3. Why was marijuana was put into Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act? A. Widespread general agreement in the medical community indicated it was highly addictive B. The Shafer Commission recommended that it be placed in Schedule I C. It was an integral part of President Nixon's War on Drugs*** D. A Supreme Court decision mandated its inclusion in Schedule i
Rationale: C. President Nixon was insistent that marijuana be a Schedule I drug, even rejecting the contrary advice of the Shafer Commission. There were many concerns about the possible addictive activity of marijuana but was generally not shared by the medical community (nor the Shafer Commission). The Supreme Court ruled that the CSA takes preference over state laws but did not mandate any particular regulatory requirements for marijuana. Another Supreme Court decision negated the Marijuana Tax Act.
4. Why is Epidiolex not considered to be a Schedule I drug? A. It is not a cannabinoid B. Its approval as a product with therapeutic activity is inconsistent with the legal classification of a Schedule I drug*** C. The 2018 Farm Bill mandated it D. The CSA did not list it when it was enacted
Rationale: B. Epidiolex is a form of CBD which is a cannabinoid. A schedule I drug is one with no recognized medical use; FDA approval of the drug for seizure disorders contradicted that standard. The Farm Bill deals with agricultural aspects of hemp, not with prescription drug products. The CSA listed "every compound" coming from marijuana as C-1, but products from hemp were removed much later.
5. What effect did the 2018 Farm Bill have on the legal status of CBD? A. It became legal to grow plants which are high producers of CBD. B. It removed hemp from the definition of marijuana.*** C. It approved the sale of CBD as a dietary supplement. D. It legalized the sale of delta 8-THC.
Rationale: B. The Farm Bill removed plants meeting the definition of hemp from the CSA. It did not directly address individual components although manufacturers are trying to use a possible loophole. The amount of CBD in the product is not determinative, rather it is the amount of THC (less than 0.3%). The bill is silent regarding supplements and the FDA has ruled that CBD cannot be sold as a supplement.
6. Which of the following would be consistent with the definition of hemp within the Farm Act of 2018? A. A synthetic cannabinoid B. A drug with therapeutic activity C. A drug with a CBD/THC ratio greater than 3 D. A plant-derived drug containing no more than 0.3% delta-9 THC***
Rationale: D. The definition of hemp is that products have no more than 0.3% delta-9 THC to qualify as hemp. The CBD/THC ratio and therapeutic uses are irrelevant. Synthetic compounds do not qualify.
7. Which of the following statements about Delta-8 THC is correct? A. Delta 9 is more potent that delta 8 B. More than 30 have place restrictions on the sale of delta-8 THC C. Its endogenous concentrations in the Cannabis plant are very low*** D. It is usually derived by applying an inhibitor to naturally occurring CBD
Rationale: C. Delta-8 THC is less potent than delta-9. The others are correct and address some of the regulatory issues.
8. What is the importance of Delta-11 THC? A. In edibles, its formation can pronounce CNS effects*** B. It is an inactive metabolite of delta-9 THC C. Consuming marijuana edibles bypasses its effect D. It is a selective CB-2 agonist
Rationale: A. Delta-11 THC is a more potent metabolite of delta-9 THC and is believed to be responsible for the frequently reported greater CNS effects of edibles compared with smoking marijuana due to extensive first-pass metabolism. CBN is a metabolite with selectivity for CB-2 receptors.
9. Which of the following will happen if Congress passes the Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE)? A. It will lower marijuana from C-I to C-V B. It will make all forms of CBD prescription products C. It will levy a tax on marijuana sales*** D. It will strengthen criminal penalties for marijuana distribution or possession
Rationale: C. The MORE act deals with marijuana as a controlled substance and does not address CBD directly not any issue about prescriptions. The other answers are part of the Act.
10. Although comparatively safe, marijuana raises concerns related to the following EXCEPT: A. Loss of neuronal connectivity in adolescents B. Lack of consistency and standardization in many existing products C. Increasing potency of marijuana preparations D. Worsening of inflammatory diseases***
Rationale: D. Generally, cannabinoids have anti-inflammatory activity. The other answers are issues of concern which pharmacists should be aware of.
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