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Nursing informatics C468

Terms in this set (79)

Informatics
an interdisciplinary field that draws from, as well as contributes to "computer science, decision science, information science, management science, cognitive science, and organizational theory"
-it drives innovation in how information and knowledge management are approached.
-its broad scope encompasses natural language processing, data mining, research, decision support, and genomics.
nursing informatics
the use of technology and information to help support all aspects of nursing practice
Evidence Based Practice
entails using the current best evidence for patient care decisions in order to improve the consistency and quality of patient outcomes
-provides the foundation for clinical practice guidelines and clinical decision support tools that are widely found in health care organizations today.
in 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Along with its component health information technology for economics and clinical health (HITECH) act
provided economic stimuli and incentives for companies that adopted the EHR, in alignment with the goal that each person in the US would have a certified digital health record by 2014
HITECH strongly recommends
that hospitals and healthcare providers increase the meaningful use of health information technology
-why? it is necessary to decrease overall healthcare cost and to improve population health outcome
joint commission
accreditation
decision support tool/clinical decision support (CDS)/decision support system (DSS)
computer applications designed to facilitate human decision making process
how does the decision making tool/CDS/DSS function
suggests appropriate medical and nursing interventions based on the patients data
-can facilitate decision making and overall efficacy
CDS can
organize information and trigger prompts to the clinician thereby decreasing patient safety risk and increasing positive patients outcome.
-ex. alerting for abnormal vital signs, (triggers early warning signs and watches for trends) alerts for medication contraindications, alerts for lab results, sepsis alert. Act as a preventative measure for vaccinations, house screenings, and clinical guidelines for disease.
DSS/CDS requires
a human user input
an expert system ( a type of DSS/CDS) implements
the knowledge of one or more human experts, without human intervention
-ex. a personal insulin pump that senses the patient BG level and then administers the insulin based on the data without the involvement of the user.
-ex. a system that interprets clinical images from xray, CT, MRI and can detect minute changes over time that may be missed by the clinical
Alert Fatigue
where to many warnings or recommendations are present, and providers begin to dismiss them regardless of the importance.
the implementation of standardized terminology with the EHR system
is essential for health care organizations to meet criteria for meaningful use (MU)
ARRA defines meaningful use as
a certified EHR used in a meaningful way
meaningful use was one piece of a broader health information technology infrastructure needed
to reform the healthcare system and improve health care quality, efficiency, and patient safety
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