Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

diabetes doro

Terms in this set (92)

common acute complication of T1D
DKA
common acute complication of T2D
hyperglycemic hyperosmotic state
which patients are more at risk of hyperglycemic hyperosmotic state
T2D + elderly patients
most common SE of insulin therapy
hypoglycemia
patient found unconscious who has diabetes: top 3 differentials
1. diabetic ketoacidosis
2. hyperosmolar non-ketotic state (or coma)
3. hypoglycemia
presenting symptoms of DKA
nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
most common cause of DKA
not using insulin correctly
etiology of type 1 diabetes
1. autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas by T lymphocytes
2. don't make any insulin

islet cell antibodies (ICA)
glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD)
insulin autoantibodies (IAA)
tyrosine phosphatase 2 protein antibodies (IA2)
ZnT8
etiology of type 2 diabetes
1. insulin resistance (often due to obesity, also a genetic factor)
2. after years of being insulin resistance, patients develop hyperglycemia and type 2 DM

poor eating habits/lots of carb exposure and lack of exercise exposes patients to large amounts of carbohydrates over time--> require a lot of insulin to take care of the carb load--> too much exposure to insulin over time leads to insulin resistance
why don't oral medications work for T1D patients?
there are no functioning beta cells
DKA vitals:
-BP
-HR
-RR
-blood glucose
BP: lower (due to dehydration)
HR: elevated (due to acidosis, dehydration)
RR: elevated (compensation for met acidosis)
blood glucose: elevated above 240-250 (due to lack of insulin)
breathing seen in DKA
Kussmaul breathing: deep fast breathing with fruity odor
1. metabolic acidosis--> respiratory compensation--> deep respirations
what causes the fruity breath odor in DKA?
acetone, one of the ketoacids
precipitating events of DKA
1. lack of insulin
2. stress
3. trauma
4. infection
DKA: acid/base disturbance seen
anion gap metabolic acidosis: due to ketones
Sets with similar terms