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CPCE Exam Review Human Growth and Development

Terms in this set (86)

Robert Kegan speaks of a "holding environment" in counseling in which:
-the client can make meaning in the face of a crisis and can find new direction
Freud's stages are psychosexual while Erik Erikson's stages are?
-psychosocial
-Freudian stages are oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
Erikson's stages include trust vs mistrust, or integrity vs despair
In Freud's psychodynamic theory instincts are emphasized. Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist. Ego psychologists:
-believe in man's powers of reasoning to control behavior
-psychodynamic theories focus on unconscious processes rather than cognitive factors when counseling clients
The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span was:
-Erik Erikson
The statement "the ego is dependent on the id" would most likely reflect the work of
-Sigmund Freud, who created psychodynamic theory
Jen Piaget's idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order from stage 1 to stage 4 is:
-sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of Swiss child psychologists Jean Piaget's developmental research inasmuch as
-his findings were often derived from observing his own children
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicates that she feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered:
-conservation
In Piagetian literature, conservation would most likely refer to:
-volume or mass
A child masters conservation in the Piagetian stage known as
-concrete operations; ages 7-11
__________ expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of moral development
-Lawrence Kohlberg
According to Jean Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as concrete operations or concrete operational thought. This notion suggests:
-one can undo an action, hence an object (say a glass of water) can return to its initial shape`
During a thunderstorm, a 6-year-old child in Piaget's stage of preoperational thought (stage 2) says, "The rain is following me." This is an example of:
-egocentrism
-refers to the the fact that the child cannot view the world from the vantage point of someone else
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested
-three levels of morality
The Heinz dilemma is to Kohlberg's theory as:
-a typing test is to the level of typing skill mastered
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