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chapter 11 keyterms

Terms in this set (10)

Stalemate(358)
A stalemate, a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other, occurred after the Germans created trenches to shelter their soldiers from enemy fire on both their eastern and western fronts following the failure of the Schlieffen Plan.
Militarism(354)
Militarism, the glorification of the military, rose to prevalence after international tensions started rising and the large powers or countries began to expand their naval and armed forces. An example is the battle between Germany and Britain to have the largest and most respected naval force, and how they would continually try to outdo the other country.
Ultimatum(355)
An ultimatum, or sweeping set of demands, that Austria-Hungary presented Serbia to avoid war after the Serbians had assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and Germany gave Austria-Hungary a "blank check" to vow their support of whatever happened no matter what the cost.
Mobilize(356)
Russia mobilized or prepared its military forces for war after its ally, Serbia, turned to them when Austria-Hungary declared war on them. Additionally, Russia only mobilized because the tsar's plea of urging Austria to soften their demands failed.
Neutrality(356)
With the battle lines hardening in early August Italy had decided to stay neutral in war efforts, or support neither side in the war after being uncommitted for some time.
Total War(365)
Countries that were fighting in the war realized that total war, or the channeling of a nation's entire resources into the war effort would be needed to fight this battle with modern machinery. The governments took a strong role in directing the cultural and economic aspects of people's lives so that total war could be accomplished.
Atrocity(366-367)
An atrocity is a horrible act against innocent people. The French and British press released stories of atrocity as propaganda to try to convince their citizens to join the war or hate their enemies, most of the atrocity stories were made up.
Armistice(369)
Armistice, the agreement to end fighting, was sought by the German Government to end the fighting with the Allies. Before the Germans had sought peace many other countries wanted peace too and were inching towards collapse.
Reparations(370)
The Allies imposed reparations, or payments for war damages, on those they defeated after the war ended and lots of homes, farms, and churches had been destroyed. The Central Powers were shocked at the unbelievable reparations they were faced with after they sought an armistice.
Mandate(374)
After the Paris Peace Conference treaties were made, a system of mandates or territories administered by Western Powers was created. Ultimately, instead of ending imperialism like many had hoped the conference would, it gave the Allies more land in their overseas empires.
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