5. TCP/IP protocols

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Terms in this set (27)
checksum
A digit representing the sum of the correct digits in a piece of stored or transmitted digital data, against which later comparisons can be made to detect errors in the data.
Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
A message-oriented transport layer protocol that implements reliable connection setup, teardown, ECN, congestion control, and feature negotiation.
deep packet inspection
A form of filtering used to inspect data packets sent from one computer to another over a network. The effective use of DPI enables its users to track down, identify, categorize, reroute or stop packets with undesirable code or data.
differentiated services code point
A field in the IPv4 and IPv6 headers that is used for QoS prioritization, for example, for streaming audio or video.
dynamic port
The port that is held in a pool by the operating system and assigned only for the length of a given connection.
electronic communication network
An extension that notifies the networks about congestion with the goal of reducing packet loss and delay by making the sending device decrease the transmission rate until the congestion clears, without dropping packets.
ephemeral port
A temporary communication hub used for IP communications created from a set range of port numbers by the IP software and used as an end client's port assignment in direct communication with a well-known port used by a server. It is also called a dynamic port.
fragmentation
In TCP/IP, the process of breaking packets into the smallest maximum size that the PDU supported by any of the underlying networks.
file transfer protocol secure
The FTP protocol that runs over SSL or TLS.
hop limit
A mechanism that limits the lifespan or lifetime of data in a computer or network. It may be implemented as a counter or timestamp attached to or embedded in the data. Once the prescribed event count or timespan has elapsed, the data is discarded. It is also called the hop limit. Also known as Time to live.
Hypertext Transfer ProtocolThe set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the web.Hypertext Transfer Protocol SecureA protocol used for secure web pages and sites. It includes encryption services.Internet Control Message ProtocolA protocol used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating, for example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached.Media Gateway Control ProtocolA protocol that controls media gateways used to connect the VoIP systems to conventional telephone networks.peer-to-peerA network resource allocation scheme in which each computer negotiates with all the others as an equal.Post Office Protocol 3A protocol used by the clients to receive an email from servers. It is never used to send an email. POP3 works best for accounts accessed only on one device and uses TCP port 110.privileged portA system port 0-1023 or a well-known port that is referred to as 'privileged' because administrative privileges are required to bind an application to ports in this range.promiscuous modeAn ipconfig mode that allows the interface to read all packets passing through the network segment regardless of where they're addressed.registered portA port that can be used by ordinary user processes or programs on most systems and can be executed by ordinary users. Registered port assignments, numbered 1,024 through 49,151, are used with the UDP to the extent possible.Real-time Transport ProtocolA protocol that delivers streaming audio and video data over networks.Session Initiation ProtocolA protocol that sends control information for multimedia communication sessions, such as VoIP, video, and instant messaging.sliding windowA method by which multiple packets of data can be affirmed with a single acknowledgment.secure sockets layerThe standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a web server and a browser. This link ensures that all data passed between the web server and browsers remain private and integral.three-way handshakeA three-step method used in a TCP/IP network to create a connection between a local host/client and server. It requires both the client and the server to exchange SYN and ACK packets before actual data communication begins.tunnelingA protocol that allows for the secure movement of data from one network to another. It involves allowing private network communications to be sent across a public network, such as the Internet.User Datagram ProtocolA part of the Internet Protocol suite used by programs running on different computers on a network and is used to send short messages called datagrams. Overall, it is an unreliable and a connectionless protocol.well-known portA system port 0-1023 or a well-known port that is referred to as 'privileged' because administrative privileges are required to bind an application to ports in this range.