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EMT Chapter 28- Hematologic and Renal Emergencies

Terms in this set (88)

What contributes most to acutely serious complications from​ end-stage renal​ disease?
A. Failure to make regularly scheduled dialysis appointments
B. Consumption of foods that should be avoided
C. Failure to control hypertension adequately
D. Use of medications that should be avoided
Failure to make regularly scheduled dialysis appointments
The basic principle behind hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis is​ to:
A. balance the number of red blood cells in the blood.
B. balance the amount of urea.
C. remove the waste and excess fluid from the blood.
D. balance the number of white blood cells in the blood.
remove the waste and excess fluid from the blood.
You respond to the scene of a dialysis​ clinic, where you are presented with a​ 64-year-old male patient with​ blood-soaked bandages noted around his right arm at the site of his AV fistula. How should you manage this​ patient's hemorrhage?
A. Direct pressure on the AV fistula with elevation
B. Place a tourniquet as close to the AV fistula as possible
C. Immediately place the patient on​ high-flow oxygen, and then treat the hemorrhage
D. Immediately place a tourniquet directly on the AV fistula
Direct pressure on the AV fistula with elevation
Dialysis patients who receive dialysis at home typically​ receive:
A. inpatient dialysis.
B. hemodialysis.
C. peritoneal dialysis
D. osmotic dialysis.
peritoneal dialysis
For patients with acute chest syndrome and inadequate​ respirations, you​ should:
A. administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask only if the patient is hypoxic.
B. provide​ bag-valve-mask ventilation as necessary.
C. initiate chest compressions.
D. provide supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula.
provide​ bag-valve-mask ventilation as necessary.
Which of the following is a common cause of chronic renal​ failure?
A. Crush injuries
B. Massive​ multiple-system trauma
C. Diabetes
D. Blocked urinary catheter
Diabetes
Which of the following statements about the renal system is​ true?
A. The kidneys transport urine to the bladder.
B. The ureter stores urine.
C. The urethra is present only in the female anatomy.
D. The kidneys filter blood and produce urine.
The kidneys filter blood and produce urine.
Blood is made up of solid components suspended in a liquid​ called:
A. plasma.
B. aggregation.
C. hemoglobin.
D. a clot.
plasma.
In the renal​ system, the urinary bladder serves​ to:
A. concentrate the urine through reabsorption.
B. separate the water from the filtrates of the urine.
C. store urine for later excretion.
D. filter urine from the blood.
store urine for later excretion.
Kidney transplant patients spend the rest of their​ lives:
A. with hyperactive immune function.
B. on special medications to prevent rejection.
C. in a wheelchair.
D. on less frequent dialysis.
on special medications to prevent rejection.
Anemia is a lack of what component of the​ blood?
A. White blood cells
B. Red blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Plasma
Red blood cells
You arrive on scene to a​ 78-year-old male who sustained a deep laceration to the hand while doing yard work. When reviewing his​ history, he mentions he had a stroke 2 years ago. He tells you he has been taking one medication since the​ stroke, but he cannot remember what it does or what it is called. He also mentions that his wife died about a year ago and that she used to do most of the cooking. Which of the factors discussed in his history makes him most vulnerable to complications in this​ situation?
A. The​ medication, because it may be a blood thinner to reduce the likelihood of future strokes
B. His​ wife's death, because he may be malnourished now that she is not there to care for him
C. The​ stroke, because blood loss due to his injury may increase his likelihood of another stroke
D. His​ wife's death, because he may be depressed and this may be a suicide attempt
The​ medication, because it may be a blood thinner to reduce the likelihood of future strokes
Of all the transplantable​ organs, which is most commonly​ transplanted?
A. Kidneys
B. Heart
C. Liver
D. Lungs
Kidneys
Which of the following is a common complication of peritoneal​ dialysis?
A. Development of thrill at the AV fistula site
B. Hypothermia
C. Dislodgement of the AV fistula
D. Peritonitis
Peritonitis
A drug that is commonly used to inhibit platelet​ aggregation, especially in heart​ patients, is:
A. Prilosec.
B. Plavix.
C. Premarin.
D. Procardia.
Plavix.
Most dialysis​ patients:
A. experience chronic peritonitis.
B. are on dialysis only temporarily.
C. have other underlying diseases.
D. recover normal kidney function.
have other underlying diseases.
Abnormal red blood cells in patients with sickle cell​ disease, when microscopically​ enlarged, look​ like:
A. semicircular crescents.
B. large, thin rings.
C. doughnuts with a depression rather than a hole in the center.
D. doughnuts, including a hole in the center.
semicircular crescents.
What is the difference between sickle cell anemia and sickle cell​ trait?
A. In sickle cell​ anemia, the patient has the​ disease; in sickle cell​ trait, the patient carries the gene for the disease.
B. Nothing; the two conditions are exactly the same.
C. The disease is present in both​ cases, but symptoms appear only in sickle cell anemia.
D. In sickle cell​ trait, the disease is present but only with mild​ symptoms; in sickle cell​ anemia, the disease could be fatal.
In sickle cell​ anemia, the patient has the​ disease; in sickle cell​ trait, the patient carries the gene for the disease.
When providing care to a patient having a sickle cell​ crisis, you are most likely to need to request ALS to​ provide:
A. needle decompression.
B. cardiac defibrillation.
C. pain control.
D. intravenous cannulation.
pain control.
Which of the following medications is a blood​ thinner?
A. Coumadin
B. Atenolol
C. Lasix
D. Cardizem
Coumadin
One of the major roles of the hematological system is to deliver oxygen to the tissues of the body. This is accomplished through​ the:
A. white blood cells.
B. red blood cells.
C. plasma.
D. platelets.
red blood cells.
Which of the following is a common cause of acute renal​ failure?
A. Angina pectoris
B. Fluid overload
C. Shock
D. Stroke
Shock
A loss of the normal ability to form a blood clot that may result in internal or external bleeding​ is:
A. anemia.
B. peritoneal dialysis.
C. coagulopathy.
D. hemodialysis.
coagulopathy.
You are transporting a patient from an accident scene. The patient has told you that she takes a prescription blood thinner to treat her atrial fibrillation. While en route to the​ hospital, she shows signs of decreased mental status and shock. How should you​ respond?
A. You should encourage her to drink lots of water.
B. You should contact medical direction.
C. You should administer supplemental oxygen.
D. You should give her an additional dose of the prescribed blood thinner.
You should administer supplemental oxygen.
Which of the following patients is most likely in acute renal​ failure?
A. 32-year-old female with polycystic kidney disease
B. 52-year-old male who ingested a toxic dose of aspirin
C. 57-year-old female with high blood pressure and poorly controlled diabetes
D. 70-year-old male with multiple medical problems coupled with years of renal insufficiency
​52-year-old male who ingested a toxic dose of aspirin
Recipients of kidney transplants​ have:
A. their donor kidney in their lower abdomen instead of the retroperitoneal space.
B. the need to replace their donated kidney in about 20 years.
C. two kidneys from different donors.
D. a restoration of normal kidney function within 1-2 years.
their donor kidney in their lower abdomen instead of the retroperitoneal space
In a patient who has recently undergone peritoneal dialysis​ (PD), which of the following findings is the most suggestive of​ peritonitis?
A. The patient reports a gradual onset of bloody stools for more than 5 days.
B. The patient has back pain and is pacing about.
C. The patient develops abdominal pain and fever.
D. The patient is sitting upright with some breathing difficulty.
The patient develops abdominal pain and fever.
If an inadequate level of oxygen is being delivered to the tissues of the​ patient's body, which of the following is a possible​ explanation?
A. The number of white blood cells is too high.
B. There are too few nutrients and proteins dissolved in the plasma.
C. There is an inadequate number of red blood cells.
D. The platelets are failing to aggregate as needed.
There is an inadequate number of red blood cells.
Which of the following statements about sickle cell anemia is​ false?
A. Patients with sickle cell anemia live as long as anyone else.
B. The sickled red blood cells cannot survive as long as normal red blood cells.
C. The abnormally shaped red blood cells cause sludging within the​ body's smaller blood vessels.
D. During a sickle cell​ crisis, patients will often complain of severe joint pain and difficulty in breathing.
Patients with sickle cell anemia live as long as anyone else.
You are gathering a medical history on a​ 74-year-old female with chest pain. She states she has a history of atrial fibrillation and is on a​ "blood thinner." Based on this​ information, which medication would you expect her to be​ on?
A. Lebatolol
B. Lovenox
C. Lisinopril
D. Nexium
Lovenox
n the United​ States, sickle cell anemia primarily​ affects:
A. people of Mediterranean descent.
B. children.
C. middle-aged women.
D. African Americans.
African Americans.
Which of the following statements about administering oxygen to patients with sickle cell anemia​ (SCA) is​ true?
A. Patients with SCA experiencing high fever and hypoperfusion should receive supplemental oxygen.
B. All patients with SCA should always be given supplemental oxygen.
C. Patients with SCA experiencing shortness of​ breath, chest​ pain, or oxygen saturation below​ 95% should receive supplemental oxygen.
D. Only give supplemental oxygen to patients with SCA if you have been instructed to do so by medical direction.
Patients with SCA experiencing shortness of​ breath, chest​ pain, or oxygen saturation below​ 95% should receive supplemental oxygen.
A surgically created fistula in one of the extremities of a patient undergoing hemodialysis​ connects:
A. the trachea and the aorta.
B. the kidneys with the liver.
C. arterial and venous blood flow.
D. the ureters with the urethra.
arterial and venous blood flow.
In addition to the delivery of oxygen to the tissues of the​ body, what role does the blood play in tissue​ regulation?
A. The conservation of body heat through blood vessel dilation
B. The conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen molecules
C. The removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products from the tissue
D. The creation of certain hormones for body regulation
The removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products from the tissue
You are assessing a patient who has abdominal pain. During your​ history, you have determined that the patient receives dialysis three times a​ week, and you note a dialysis fistula in his left arm. How would this knowledge change your assessment of vitals on the​ patient?
A. You would not use the arm with the dialysis fistula to obtain a blood pressure.
B. You would not listen to breath sounds on the left side of the body.
C. You would not assess any of the vitals in the arm with the dialysis fistula.
D. You would not evaluate the skin condition on the left arm.
You would not use the arm with the dialysis fistula to obtain a blood pressure.
Kidneys​ remove:
A. excessive salts.
B. blood.
C. healthy cells.
D. oxygen.
excessive salts.
A drainage tube placed into the urinary system to allow the flow of urine out of the body is​ a:
A. dialyzer.
B. urinary catheter.
C. surgically created fistula.
D. peritoneal catheter
urinary catheter.
Sickle cell anemia differs physically from general anemia in what​ way?
A. In sickle cell​ anemia, the white blood cells have a sickle shape.
B. In sickle cell​ anemia, the red blood cells lack a nucleus.
C. In sickle cell​ anemia, the red blood cells have a sickle shape.
D. In sickle cell​ anemia, the cells lack a normal​ structure, and tend to be easily compressible.
In sickle cell​ anemia, the red blood cells have a sickle shape.
ou are on scene with a​ 64-year-old female who appears to have a dialysis shunt on her arm. Based on this​ finding, you know that the patient​ has:
A. diabetes.
B. acute renal insufficiency.
C. end-stage renal disease.
D. polycystic kidney disease.
​end-stage renal disease.
The renal system is made up​ of:
A. two kidneys and two ureters in males and two urethra in females.
B. two​ kidneys, two​ urethra, and one ureter.
C. two​ kidneys, two​ ureters, and two urethra.
D. two​ kidneys, two​ ureters, and one urethra.
two​ kidneys, two​ ureters, and one urethra.
Why do some patients prefer peritoneal dialysis​ (PD) over hemodialysis​ (HD)?
A. Peritoneal dialysis is quicker than hemodialysis.
B. Peritoneal dialysis enables full freedom of movement during treatments.
C. Peritoneal dialysis requires fewer treatments per day than hemodialysis.
D. Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to be treated at home.
Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to be treated at home.
You arrive at the home of a​ 65-year-old male patient with chest pain. His wife gives you a list of medications that he is taking because of previous heart attacks. One of the daily medications is aspirin. Why does the patient take daily doses of​ aspirin?
A. Aspirin counteracts the side effects of​ nitroglycerin, which include headache.
B. Aspirin helps to inhibit clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
C. Aspirin helps to reduce the pain of angina or heart attacks.
D. He is probably taking aspirin for his arthritis.
Aspirin helps to inhibit clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Patients who have had a successful kidney​ transplant:
A. will be on medicines to suppress immune function.
B. will still need dialysis.
C. will have two kidneys from different donors.
D. will be on medications to stimulate the immune system.
will be on medicines to suppress immune function.
Sickled red blood cells are believed to block blood that is trying to exit the corpus​ spongiosum, which for men​ causes:
A.
​vaso-occlusive crises.
B.
strokes.
C.
joint pain.
D.
priapism.
priapism.
There are two main types of​ dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The main difference between them​ is:
A.
hemodialysis is usually done at a special facility and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at home.
Your answer is correct.
B.
hemodialysis is usually done at home and peritoneal dialysis is usually done at a special facility.
C.
hemodialysis filters the blood and peritoneal dialysis filters the urine.
D.
hemodialysis filters the urine and peritoneal dialysis filters the blood.
...
You are dispatched to a private residence for a sick person. When you​ arrive, you are told by the patient that due to the snow storm yesterday he missed his scheduled appointment at the dialysis center and is not feeling well. Your assessment does not reveal anything remarkable outside of the fact that he has missed his dialysis. Which of the steps below would not be part of your​ care?
A.
When you obtain vital​ signs, obtain a blood pressure on an arm that does not have a fistula.
B.
Place the patient in a supine position.
Your answer is correct.
C.
Assess the ABCs.
D.
Administer oxygen at 15 lpm by nonrebreather mask.
...
You are dispatched to a sick call. The patient was just extricated from a bathtub where he was trapped under the shower door for 2 days. The​ 72-year-old male had limited access to water from the bathtub faucet. The patient is complaining of​ disorientation, nausea, and vomiting. What do you think is the underlying cause for the​ illness?
A.
Chronic renal failure
B.
Gastrointestinal infection
C.
Acute renal failure
Your answer is correct.
D.
​End-stage renal disease
...
Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to dialyze at home​ through:
A.
a dialysis machine.
B.
the urethra.
C.
an AV fistula.
D.
the abdomen.
...
The correct terminology used for patients whose kidneys are damaged to the point where they require dialysis to survive​ is:
A.
terminal kidney disease.
B.
acute renal failure.
C.
​end-stage renal disease.
Your answer is correct.
D.
hepatic failure.
...
The medications that transplant patients need to take for the rest of their lives to prevent organ rejection also often lead to high susceptibility​ of:
A.
renal failure.
B.
infection.
Your answer is correct.
C.
ulcers.
D.
congestive heart failure.
...
You are dispatched to an unconscious hemodialysis patient. On arrival to the dialysis​ clinic, the patient is​ unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You secure the​ ABCs, begin​ ventilation, and initiate chest compressions.​ However, the​ patient's cardiac arrest rhythm is continuously unresponsive to defibrillations with your AED. The best approach is​ to:
A.
continue defibrillating as the monitor recommends. The myocardium becomes increasingly responsive to successive defibrillations.
B.
begin transporting and contact an ALS intercept. The​ patient's dysrhythmia may be related to kidney failure.
Your answer is correct.
C.
call online medical control to terminate the code. The probability of survival is too low to continue resuscitation efforts.
D.
run a​ "no-electricity" code in which compressions and ventilation are continued. No additional defibrillations are necessary.
...
Under which of the following circumstances do the kidneys help the body retain​ fluid?
A.
Urinary tract infection
B.
Kidney stones
C.
Dehydration
Your answer is correct.
D.
Electrolyte imbalance
...
The most frequently transplanted organ is​ the:
A.
liver.
B.
heart.
C.
pancreas.
D.
kidney.
...
Which of the following medications does not interfere with the​ blood-clotting process?
A.
Warfarin
B.
Acetaminophen
Your answer is correct.
C.
Clopidogrel
D.
Aspirin
...
A patient with renal disease who is currently on dialysis and missed an appointment may present with dangerously high levels of the​ electrolyte:
A.
potassium.
Your answer is correct.
B.
calcium.
C.
sodium.
D.
phosphorous.
...
You are attending to an​ end-stage renal disease​ (ESRD) patient who has missed dialysis. Which of the following statements is most​ accurate?
A.
Patients who have missed dialysis and who become unresponsive and pulseless respond very well to the use of an AED.
B.
You should delay transport if necessary to wait for ALS.
C.
Patients who have missed dialysis and who become unresponsive and pulseless do not respond very well to the use of an AED.
Your answer is correct.
D.
Calling for ALS would not be very helpful because they cannot really do anything that an EMT cannot do in these situations.
...
Which of the following abbreviations is not​ correct?
A.
CAPD for continuous acute peripheral disease
Your answer is correct.
B.
RBC for red blood cells
C.
SCA for sickle cell anemia
D.
WBC for white blood cells
...
What is a cycle of filling and draining of the abdominal cavity during peritoneal dialysis​ called?
A.
Trade
B.
Rotation
C.
Exchange
Your answer is correct.
D.
Set
...
​________ patients are at high risk for acquiring the inherited disorder called sickle cell anemia.
A.
Native American
B.
Eastern European
C.
African American
Your answer is correct.
D.
Hispanic
...
The sensation felt when palpating an​ arterial-venous fistula or shunt is known as​ a:
A.
fluttering.
B.
bruit.
C.
thrill.
Your answer is correct.
D.
frill.
...
Patients with a history of chronic sickle cell anemia​ (SCA) may present with which of the following signs and​ symptoms?
A.
Yellowing of the skin and dyspnea on exertion
Your answer is correct.
B.
Bluish discoloration of the skin and shortness of breath
C.
Pale appearance and dyspnea on exertion
D.
Flushed appearance and shortness of breath
...
Hemodialysis is used to help the kidneys filter​ ________ and remove excess​ ________.
A.
​electrolytes; hormones
B.
​blood; cholesterol
C.
​urine; poisons
D.
​toxins; fluids
...
Once you encounter uncontrolled bleeding from an AV​ fistula, which of the following methods would you consider using to control bleeding in addition to direct pressure and​ elevation?
A.
Tourniquet
B.
Hemostatic dressings
Your answer is correct.
C.
Internal wound management
D.
Pressure points
...
Platelets are actually fragments of larger cells that are crucial to the formation of clots. Clumping​ (called aggregation) of platelets is the​ body's most rapid response to stop bleeding from an injured site.​ However, in some situations the clumping of platelets is not​ desirable, such as when a plaque in a coronary artery ruptures. In this​ situation, the rapid clumping of platelets can cause a clot that then completely blocks the coronary artery and results in a heart attack​ (myocardial infarction). One of the most effective and widely available drugs to prevent the aggregation of platelets​ is:
A.
plasma.
B.
hemoglobin.
C.
aspirin.
Your answer is correct.
D.
acetaminophen.
...
You suspect a patient who has been having a difficult time controlling the bleeding following a small laceration to the foot may have a history​ of:
A.
taking blood thinners.
Your answer is correct.
B.
sickle cell anemia.
C.
poorly controlled diabetes.
D.
high blood pressure.
...
How long does a typical hemodialysis treatment​ last?
A.
10 to 12 hours
B.
1 to 2 hours
C.
3 to 4 hours
Your answer is correct.
D.
7 to 8 hours
...
How many times per week do the majority of American hemodialysis patients receive​ treatment?
A.
Seven
B.
Three
Your answer is correct.
C.
One
D.
Five
...
You are dispatched to a private residence for a​ 52-year-old African American male sitting in his living room complaining of chest pain. During your​ assessment, he discloses that he has the sickle cell trait. Because of this you​ should:
A.
treat the patient as any other​ 52-year-old with chest pain.
Your answer is correct.
B.
monitor for signs of inadequate respiration.
C.
be prepared to treat for shock if he also has a high fever.
D.
administer​ high-concentration oxygen.
...
What is one of the most common diseases to affect the renal and urinary​ system?
A.
Acute renal failure
B.
Kidney stones
C.
Urinary tract infections
Your answer is correct.
D.
​End-stage renal disease
...
Which of the following pathologies put patients at high risk for acute renal​ failure?
A.
Shock
Your answer is correct.
B.
Polycystic kidney disease
C.
Uncontrolled diabetes
D.
Hypertension
...
Approximately how many Americans are currently on some type of​ dialysis?
A.
​450,000
Your answer is correct.
B.
​900,000
C.
​100,000
D.
​200,000
...
Approximately what percentage of United States dialysis patients treat themselves at​ home?
A.
8 percent
Your answer is correct.
B.
16 percent
C.
50 percent
D.
25 percent
...
What is continuous ambulatory peritoneal​ dialysis?
A.
A gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis in which a bag of dialysis fluid is lowered below the level of an abdominal catheter to fill the abdominal cavity and raised above the level of the abdominal catheter to drain the fluid out
B.
A mechanical process for peritoneal dialysis in which a machine fills and empties the abdominal cavity of dialysis solution
C.
A gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis in which a bag of dialysis fluid is raised above the level of an abdominal catheter to fill the abdominal cavity and lowered below the level of the abdominal catheter to drain the fluid out
Your answer is correct.
D.
A type of dialysis that is performed while walking
...
You encounter a patient who has been having diffuse abdominal pain for one week. The patient has a pulse rate of​ 86, a blood pressure of​ 140/90, and a respiratory rate of 20.​ However, the patient appears pale and complains of generalized weakness and shortness of breath during everyday activities. You suspect the patient is​ experiencing:
A.
anxiety disorder.
B.
chronic anemia.
Your answer is correct.
C.
acute anemia.
D.
sickle cell anemia.
...
What is the purpose of the red blood​ cells?
A.
They are responsible for the removal of oxygen from the cells.
B.
They are critical in response to infection and are mediators of the​ body's immune response.
C.
They are crucial in the formation of clots.
D.
They are responsible for the delivery of oxygen to the cells.
...
Patients who dialyze at home are at high risk for what type of​ infection?
A.
Peritonitis
Your answer is correct.
B.
Cellulitis
C.
Fistula infection
D.
Decubitus ulcers
...
One of the more serious diseases of the body is renal failure. Renal failure occurs when​ the:
A.
liver fails to function properly.
B.
adrenal glands stop working.
C.
pancreas stops working.
D.
kidneys fail to function as required.
...
A patient with a medical history of sickle cell anemia is complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath. The patient is breathing 26 times per minute in​ short, shallow respirations.​ However, the​ patient's oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry is​ 100% on room air. The best approach regarding supplemental oxygen is​ to:
A.
place the patient on a nonrebreather mask.
Your answer is correct.
B.
place the patient on a nasal cannula.
C.
place the patient on a simple face mask.
D.
do​ nothing; no supplemental oxygen is necessary.
...
The blood has many functions critical to a​ patient's health. Which of the following is not a function of the​ blood?
A.
Control of bleeding by clotting
B.
Removal of carbon monoxide from the cells
Your answer is correct.
C.
Removal and delivery of waste products to organs that provide filtration and​ removal, such as the kidneys and liver
D.
Delivery of oxygen to the cells
...
You are dispatched to a private residence for a sick person. You arrive and find a​ 47-year-old male patient who recently completed his peritoneal dialysis and complains of severe abdominal pain that is worsened by movement. One of the more serious complications of this type of dialysis is a bacterial infection within the peritoneal cavity. What would be the​ tell-tale sign that this is what is happening in this​ case?
A.
The patient has trouble urinating.
B.
The patient has swollen ankles.
C.
The​ patient's dialysis fluid appears clear when it is drained from the peritoneal cavity rather than having its normal cloudy appearance.
D.
The​ patient's dialysis fluid appears cloudy when it is drained from the peritoneal cavity rather than having its normal clear appearance.
...
Which of the following is the most accurate definition of​ anemia?
A.
The process by which toxins and excess fluid are removed from the body by a medical system independent of the kidneys
B.
An inherited disease in which a genetic defect in the hemoglobin results in abnormal structure of the red blood cells
C.
The loss of the​ kidneys' ability to filter the blood and remove toxins and excess fluid from the body
D.
A lack of a normal number of red blood cells in the circulation
...
Which of the following organs may be seriously damaged in sickle cell​ anemia, subsequently leading to severe​ infections?
A.
Spleen
Your answer is correct.
B.
Kidneys
C.
Liver
D.
Lungs
...
How frequently is peritoneal dialysis treatment​ required?
A.
Once a day
B.
Multiple treatments per day
Your answer is correct.
C.
Once a week
D.
Three to five times per week
...
Two chronic medical conditions that dialysis patients frequently have in addition to kidney failure are​ ________ and​ ________.
A.
​hypertension; diabetes
Your answer is correct.
B.
high​ cholesterol; cerebral aneurysms
C.
heart​ failure; stroke
D.
blood​ clots; COPD
...
Certain drugs are commonly referred as​ "blood thinners" or drugs that inhibit clotting. Which of the following would not be considered such a​ drug?
A.
Coumadin​ (warfarin)
B.
Prilosec
Your answer is correct.
C.
Lovenox​ (enoxaparin)
D.
Aspirin
...
The​ kidney's major​ function(s) include(s):
A.
balancing electrolytes.
B.
excreting urea.
C.
maintaining blood volume.
D.
All of the above
...
Because of abnormally shaped​ hemoglobin, sickle cell anemia​ (SCA) patients may occasionally experience​ ________, causing a blockage of small blood vessels.
A.
sludging
Your answer is correct.
B.
clotting
C.
aggregation
D.
clumping
...
Dialysis patients who have missed an appointment may present with signs of​ ________, which is a similar presentation to​ ________.
A.
chest​ pain; acute myocardial infarction
B.
neurological​ disturbances; stroke
C.
shortness of​ breath; pneumonia
D.
fluid​ accumulation; congestive heart failure
...
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