Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

AP GOV Vocab 4/5

Terms in this set (28)

Libertarianism
A political ideology that is opposed to all government action except as necessary to protect life and property.
social capital
Democratic and civic habits of discussion, compromise, and respect for differences, which grow out of participation in voluntary organizations.
political culture
commonly shared attitudes, beliefs, and core values about how government should operate
Natural Rights
the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property
democratic consensus
Widespread agreement on fundamental principles of democratic governance and the values that undergird them.
majority rule
A fundamental principle of traditional democratic theory. In a democracy, choosing among alternatives requires that the majority's desire be respected.
Popular Sovereignty
A government in which the people rule by their own consent.
American Dream
The widespread belief that the United States is a land of opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success.
Capitalism
an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
Monopoly
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
antitrust legislation
Federal laws (starting with the Sherman Act of 1890) tried to prevent a monopoly from dominating an industry and restraining trade.
political ideology
the coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals
Conservatism
One who favors more limited and local government, less government regulation of markets, and more social conformity to traditional norms and values.
Socialism
A form of rule in which the central government plays a strong role in regulating existing private industry and directing the economy, although it does allow some private ownership of productive capacity.
Environmentalism
A social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life support systems for us and other species.
Liberalism
A political ideology that emphasizes the civil rights of citizens, representative government, and the protection of private property. This ideology, derived from the Enlightenment, was especially popular among the property-owning middle classes.
Ethnocentrism
Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
political socialization
The process by which we develop our political attitudes, values, and beliefs.
Demographics
the characteristics of a population such as age, race, and gender.
Political predisposition
the interests, values, and experiences that help organize one's thinking about politics
reinforcing cleavages
Divisions within society that reinforce one another, making groups more homogeneous or similar.
cross-cutting cleavages
Divisions within society that cut across demographic categories to produce groups that are more heterogeneous or different.
Manifest Destiny
A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific.
race
A group of human beings distinguished by physical traits, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics.
Ethnicity
A social division based on national origin, religion, language, and often race.
gender gap
a distinctive pattern of voting behavior reflecting the differences in views between women and men
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
The sum total of the value of all the goods and services produced in a nation
socioeconomic status (SES)
a measure of social class that is based on income, education, and occupation
Other sets by this creator