Pelvic and Hip Disorders

What does the Medial Circumflex Artery do?
What does it lead to?
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Terms in this set (32)
What does the Medial Circumflex Artery do?
What does it lead to?
Artery to the head of the femur
when injured, may lead to femoral head death (avascular necrosis)
What is the plan for Pelvic and Hip Evaluation
-ABCs (ATLS)
-Fluid resuscitation / heparin lock / saline lock
-Immobilization
-Pain management
-Evacuation
Severe backache can help differentiate the pain of ________ bleeding from the pain of _________ bleeding
retroperitoneal, intra-abdominal
What are the main objective findings for a Pelvic Fracture?
Crepitus
Tenderness (symphysis pubis)
What is the major cause of death associated with a pelvic fracture?
hemorrhagic shock
What is the plan for a pelvic fracture?
-blood products
-antibiotics for open wounds
True/False
Hip Dislocations are a true orthopedic emergency?
True
What percentage of hip dislocations are Posterior Dislocation?
90%
What is a main MOI for posterior hip dislocation?
"dashboard injury"
force applied against flexed knee with hip in flexion
What is the main objective finding for Anterior Hip Dislocation?
Hip flexed
Abducted
Externally rotated
(OPEN)
What is the main objective finding for Posterior Hip Dislocation?Hip flexed in a position of flexion Adduction Internal rotation (CLOSED)What is the most important thing to do in regards to Hip Dislocation Management?Immediate Reduction (the earlier you attempt reduction increases the likelihood of success and decreases the rate of complication)What are some complications related to Hip Dislocation?Sciatic nerve injury Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN)What is classic for a pathologic hip fracture?femoral neck fractureWhat are the 2 avulsion fractures associated with Trochanteric Fractures?Greater Trochanteric (on top) Lesser Trochanteric (on bottom)What is assumed in an elderly patient who has the inability to bear weight?any elderly patient with an inability to bear weight has a hip fracture until proven otherwiseWhat are the objective findings associated with a hip fracture?Displaced femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures lie with the limb..... 1. externally rotated 2. abducted 3. shortenedWhat does the acronym ORIF stand for?Open Reduction Internal FixationWhat are the two main complications with Hip Fractures?Sciatic nerve injuries Avascular necrosis of the femoral headIn what demographic do Femur Fractures most often occur?Femoral shaft fractures occur most often in active young menAre pathologic fractures in relation to Femur Fractures common or uncommon?pathologic fractures are uncommonHow do you manage a Femur Fracture?Fluid / blood resuscitation Antibiotics / tetanus for open woundsWhat is a common risk factor associated with AVN (Osteonecrosis)Divers (N2)What typically causes Trochanteric Bursitis?typically caused by overuseWhat are some subjective findings associated with Trochanteric Bursits?- pain worse when first getting up from a seated position - unable to sleep on the involved sideWhat is an objective finding of Trochanteric Bursitis?point tendernessWhich of the following vascular structures supplies blood to the neck and head of the femur, and is often disrupted by trauma involving the hip? A. Medial circumflex artery B. Medium-circumference artery C. Lateral iliac artery D. Distal femoral arteryA. Medial circumflex arterySigns of possible pelvic facture may include: A. crepitus B. deteriorating mental status C. absence of pain D. A and B onlyD. A and B onlyWhat is the major cause of death following pelvic fracture? A. Infection B. Hemorrhage C. Pulmonary embolism D. None of the aboveB. HemorrhageA trauma victim who is found lying on the ground and unable to move his left leg which appears to be flexed at the hip, adducted and internally rotated has likely suffered: A. an open femur fracture B. An interior hip dislocation C. A "hip pointer" injury D. A posterior hip dislocationD. A posterior hip dislocation"ORIF" is an acronym for: A. open reduction internal fixation B. outer rim ilial fracture C. a viral zoonoses D. none of the aboveA. Open-reduction internal fixationRisk factors for developing osteonecrosis of the hip may include: A. low fat diet B. long term steroid use C. history of hip dislocation D. A and C only E. B and C onlyE. B and C only