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Cardiovascular Medications

Terms in this set (13)

What is the therapeutic range for digoxin? What are s/s of toxicity?
0.5-2 ng/mL;

Early s/s: GI effects- anorexia, n&v, and diarrhea.

Subsequent: bradycardia, headache, drowsiness, fatigue and weakness, visual disturbances- diplopia, blurred vision, yellow green halos, photophobia
What are some signs of toxicity from procainamide?
Class I antidysrhythmic;

Confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, decreased urination, nausea, vomiting, tachydysrhythmias
What are pts at risk for when taking thiazide diuretics?
Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia; pts with sulfa allergy are at risk for an allergic reaction
What is important to note about statins?
They can lead to liver abnormalities (liver function tests should be assessed) and muscle cramps/aches which can progress to rhabdomyolysis
Isosorbide
Has actions identical to nitroglycerin
Rivaroxaban
Anticoagulant
What should be monitored when taking ACE inhibitors?
Potassium levels- can be increased as a result of decreased urinary potassium excretion
What should be included for pts taking nitroglycerin?
Heat and light sensitive

Take every 5 minutes for a maximum of 3 doses (15 minutes total). If chest pain is not relieved, call EMS.
Calcium Channel Blockers
-dipine; vasodilators used to treat HTN and chronic stable angina. They promote relaxation of vascular smooth muscles leading to decreased SVR and arterial BP.
What is important to note about amiodarone?
It is an antiarrhythmic that is used as a last resort if other treatments have failed; pulmonary toxicity is a life threatening adverse effect which is believed to cause direct cellular damage and activation of an immune response in the lungs. Pts may report respiratory symptoms such as dry cough, pleuritic chest pain, and dyspnea
Bumetanide
loop diuretic
When would ARB's be prescribed?
For pts that cannot take or tolerate ACE inhibitors

-sartans
What is a serious adverse effect that can occur with ACE inhibitors?
Angioedema; can be life threatening if it progresses to the airways
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