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Intro and fluid

Terms in this set (49)

Fluid is what percent of the body is liquid?
60%
Where is 2/3 of total body water found?
Inside the cell
What is 5% of body weight?
intravascular
What is also known as the 3rd space?
Interstitial space
What is water weight
Interstitial
Name 4 functions of body water
Transportation, Intravascular volume, temperature regulation, joint lubrication
What is water
Solvent
What is the stuff you put in water
Solute
What is the biggest example of a solute
NaCl
Solvents wants to move to areas of
Less water, less pressure
Solutes want to move to area of
Less solute, and less ionic charge
Solvent vs. Solute which one can move anywhere
Solvents
name 2 examples of selectively permeable membranes
Veins, Cell walls
what are 2 solutes that can cross membranes
Na, Glucose
What can not cross the membrane?
Colloids
What is also known as pushing pressure
Hydrostatic
What is also known as pulling pressure
Osmotic
What is osmotic pressure equivalent to
Blood Pressure
The Vena cava gets a lot of
Venous osmotic pressure
What is the tonicity of blood
240-340
What is the tonicity of normal saline
308
what is the tonicity of lactated ringers
272
what type of solution Is 3% normal saline?
Hypertonic
What type of solution is D5W?
hypotonic
Larger tonicity number = _______
Thicker substance
What is ECFVD
Fluid Loss
What does ECFVS stand for
Extra cellular fluid volume shift
Where is the fluid in ECFVS
in the 3rd space
4 priorities of fluids
1. Volume
2. pH
3. Potassium, calcium, magnesium
4. sodium, chloride
1st order of volume loss includes
Loss of isotonic fluid from circulation, Low BP
2nd order of volume loss includes
Loss of fluid from the 3rd space
3rd order of volume loss
an osmotic intravascular pull, loss of intercellular fluid
What is acites
Collection of fluid where it shouldn't be, Hard abdomen
5 symptoms of fluid loss
Dry mouth, thirst, weakness, postural dizziness, ALOC
4 types of extracellular fluid volume excess (ECFVE)
-hypervolemia
-overhydration
-edema
-anasarca (3rd space swelling)
3 early findings of ECFVE
Resting tachycardia, Peripheral edema, Neck vein distention
2 late findings of ECFVE
Right heart failure (anasarca, ascites), Left heart failure (pulmonary edema, hypotension)
4 treatments of ECFVE
Na+ , water, preload, afterload reduction
3 medications to treat ECFVE
Diuretics, Nitroglycerin, CPAP BiPAP
Phase 1 of fluid shift
Fluid loss = skin tenting, fluid shift into interstitial space
Phase 2 if fluid shift
Fluid reabsorption= Fluid returns to intravascular space, volume excess may occur
4 etiology of ECVFS
burns, anaphylaxis, increase hydrostatic pressure, decreased osmotic pressure
5 signs of ECFVshift
Peripheral edema, weight gain, dyspnea, cough, pulmonary edema
What is the first sign of water intoxication (ICFVE)
cerebral
ICFVE results from intravascular fluid being
Hypotonic (excess of water) or hypo-osmolar (decrease solute)
When does ADH excess occur
In response to stress such as trauma neurosurgery
What does SIADH stand for?
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
How can you treat mild ICFVE?
restrict water intake
How can you treat severe ICFVE?
Osmotic diuretics, Hypertonic saline(3%)
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