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Chapter 1 SOCL120 OER WITH WORKBOOK

Terms in this set (39)

Agrarian Society
a society which relies on plow and wheel technologies to increase food production.
Anomie
or normlessness, which results from situations, such as periods of rapid social change, when social norms are weak and unclear or social ties are weak
Blaming the System
the social structure of society is held responsible for creating many social problems
Blaming the Victim
when harm is inflicted by one person to another person, the harmed person is held responsible for the harm done to them
Bourgeoisie
ruling class, owns the means of production
Class Consciousness
the awareness of one's shared place in society within a class structure where one perceives common life chances
Conflict Perspective
a theoretical perspective that looks at the way inequalities contribute to social differences and perpetuate differences in power while creating social order
Culture
the symbols, language, norms, beliefs, values and material objects that are part of a society
Debunking Motif
looking beyond the on-the-surface understandings of social reality and recognize the value of alternative sociological understandings
Equilibrium Theory
a theory on societal transformation that states that when there are changes within one social institution, other social institutions will adapt through changes until order is restored.
Feminist Theory
theoretical perspective that analyzes the inequalities and power dynamics between men and women with the intention of improving women's lives
Foraging Society
a society in which members acquire food and other necessities mainly by foraging, scavenging and hunting.
Functional Perspective
theoretical perspective that views society as a system of interconnected parts that function together to contribute to the stability of the whole society
Horticultural Society
a society which uses hand tools to grow a few specific crops in one location until the soil nutrients are depleted.
Industrial Society
a society which uses machines and factories as the primary mode of production.
Life Chances
our chances (whether we have a good chance or little chance) of being healthy, wealthy, and well educated and, more generally, of living a good, happy life
Life Choices
an important decision which one makes about their life according to their interests, opinions, and actions
Macrosociology
focuses on the big picture, which usually means such things as social institutions, and social, political and economic change
Mechanical Solidarity
a form of solidarity formed when a society has little division of labor and a strong emphasis on group commitment leaving little room for deviance from group norms and beliefs.
Microsociology
is the study of social interaction, action, and the construction of meaning in small groups
Organic Solidarity
a form of solidarity formed when a society relies on a large, complex and hierarchical division of labor, where cultural diversity and individualism are common.
Pastoral Society
a form of society that relies on herding a specific species of domesticated animal for the purpose of milk and meat as food sources and for trade.
Personal Troubles
refer to a problem affecting individuals that the affected individual, as well as other members of society, typically blame on the individual's own failings
Post-Industrial Society
a form of society which relies on service jobs and information technology.
Proletariat
working class, does not own the means of production and instead is oppressed and exploited by the bourgeoisie
Public Issues
when the source lies in the social structure and culture of a society that refers to social problems affecting many individuals
Public Sociology
a branch of sociology that strives to bring sociological dialogue to public forums in order to increase understanding of the social factors that underlie social problems and assist in finding solutions
Social Environment
interaction between humans in an immediate physical setting
Social Group
two or more people who regularly interact on the basis of mutual expectations and who share a common identity
Social Inequality
the hierarchical ranking of people or groups within a society, where some people or groups have greater access to goods and resources than others
Social Institution
the patterns of beliefs and behaviors that help a society meet its basic needs.
Social Location
your association in gender, race, social class, religion, and so forth in society
Social status
the position that someone occupies in society.
Social Structure
patterned social interaction and social institutions through which a society is organized
Society
social interaction between people who share a common culture and social organization, who live in a defined geographic area
Sociological Imagination
the ability to see societal patterns that influence individual and group life
Sociological Perspective
the view that our social backgrounds influence our attitudes, behavior, life choices and life chances
Sociology
the scientific study of social behavior and social institutions
Symbolic Interaction Perspective
is a micro approach that focuses on the interaction of individuals and on how they interpret their interaction according to the meaning things have for them
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