Biology CHAPTER 3

A- The attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond.
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A- The attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond.
Electronegativity is :
a- The attraction of an atom for electrons in a covalent bond.
b- the negative charge surrounding the nucleus of an atom .
c- the repulsion of electrons in one atom for electrons in another atom.
B- Two atoms that do not have similar electronegativities.
A polar covalent bond between two atoms results from ?
A- the presence of two ions close together.
B- two atoms that do not have similar electronegativities.
C- Attractions form between opposite partial charges.
Which of the following statements helps to explain why water molecules form hydrogen bonds?
A- The electrons spend more time around the hydrogen atoms because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen.
B- There is a partial negative charge on each hydrogen atom and two partial positive charges on the oxygen atom in a water molecule.
C- Attractions form between opposite partial charges.
Waste products produced by cell metabolism can be easily removed.
The temperature of living things tends to change relatively slowly.
A variety of nutrient molecules is readily available as dissolved solutes.
Cells are surrounded by water, with which they are mostly filled. Which of the following occurs as a result?
D- The atoms in the molecule have partial charges as a result of unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond.
Water is a polar molecule. What does this statement mean?
A-That the atoms in water have equal electronegativities
B-That water molecules are linear, like a pole
C-That water is one of the many hydrophobic molecules
D-That atoms in the molecule have partial charges as a result of unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond
B- The unequal sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen atoms of a water molecule.
The partial charges on a water molecule occur because of __________.
A- covalent bonding
B-the unequal sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and the oxygen atoms of a water molecule
C-the achievement of a stable configuration by one atom of a bond but not by the other partner
B- The oxygen atom in one water molecule and a hydrogen atom in another water molecule.
In a group of water molecules, hydrogen bonds form between which of the following?
A- The hydrogen atoms in a single water molecule
B- The oxygen atom in one water molecule and a hydrogen atom in another water molecule
Hydrogen bonds
Cohesion & Adhesion are the result of _______________________?
Thermal Energy
The kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules is what?
Temperature
What represents the average temperature ?
0.239One joule equals how many calories?1cal/(g*C)Specific heat formula for water?solventdissolving agent of a solutionaqueous solutionsolute is dissolved into water; water is the solventCondensing 5g of steam to liquid water.what kind of action would involve the greatest transfer of heat?C- specific heat of that substanceThe amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 g of any substance by 1°C is defined as ; a-1 kilocalorie b-1 calorie c-the specific heat of that substanceA- because it is polar, waters negatively charged oxygen atoms and positively charged hydrogen atoms are attracted positively and negatively charged ions and moleculesHow does the polarity of water contribute to its ability to dissolve so many substances? a-Because it is polar, water's negatively charged oxygen atoms and positively charged hydrogen atoms are attracted to positively and negatively charged ions and molecules. b-Because it is polar, water forms ionic bonds with the ions in substances such as NaCl (salt).A- 0.092gA mole of ethyl alcohol weighs 46 g. How many grams of ethyl alcohol are needed to produce 1 L of a 2-millimolar (2 mM) solution? A-0.092 g B-9.2 g C-0.92 g1- hydrogen atom leaves it's it's electrons behind transferred into hydrogen ion. 2- water molecule that lost the proton is now a hydroxide ion. 3- proton binds to other water molecule . 4- making that water molecule a hydronium ion.what happens when a hydrogen atom is participating in a hydrogen bond?basesubstance that reduces hydrogen ion is called?