Eco/Gov Midterm

Term
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Commutation
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Terms in this set (63)
Commutation
A reduction in the length of a sentence or amount of a fine imposed by a court.
Amnesty
A general pardon
Pardon
A legal forgiveness of a crime
Veto
Meaning literally "I forbid"
Reprieve
A postponement of the execution of a sentence imposed by a court.
Toleration
Willingness to accept others who have different beliefs.
Politics
The process of deciding who gets to run the government and make the laws.
Constitution
The set of basic laws and rules defining a nations or state's system of government.
Capitalism
An economic system in which factories, businesses and stores are run for profit by private owners.
Sovereign
The power of a completely independent nation to run its own affairs.
Executive BranchThe part of the U.S government headed by the president and responsible for carrying out federal laws.NationA people with common customs whose government has sovereignGovernmentA system for managing a community or nation and the leaders or lawmakers who control that system.LibertyThe right to make free choices and to express opinions without fear of being arrested or punished.MonarchA system of government in which members of one family inherit the power to make and enforce the laws.AbolitionDoing away with something. In U.S History doing away with slavery.CommunismAn economic system in which the government owns the factories, stores, and other resources in a nation and decides what each shall produce and sell.TyrantsA government leader who misuse their power for their own ends.DemocracyA system of government in which the people have the final power.AutonomyThe freedom of a political unit such as a city or state to make important decisions of its own.LegislatureA group of elected officials who make the laws.CaucusA meeting of party members to decide on party members to decide policy or nominate candidates.DictatorA ruler who has total control over the military forces and the government of a nation.ParliamentThe group of officials who make the laws for Great Britain and also elect the British Prime Minister.Socialisman economic and political system in which certain industries are managed by the government while other are run for profit by competing businesses.Ratifya vote in favor of an amendment or treatyEx Post Facto Lawa law that would punish acts committed in the past, though they had been legal at the timeAutocracya type of government in which one person (a monarch or dictator) has all of the powerUniona nation that is united under one governmentAmbassadoran official who represents his or her government in its dealings with another nationUnitary Governmenta political system in which state and local governments are tightly controlled by a strong national governmentAssemblya public meeting or gatherings also the name commonly given to the larger house in the state legislatureFederalisma political system that gives significant powers to both national government and state governmentsOligarchyA form of government in which power is held by a small, privileged group.Confederate governmentA group of states or nations loosely held together by a central government that has only a few powers.Political AppointeeA person appointed to a federal job by the president.RoleThe job or function of a person or thing.Government CorporationA business operated by the government.Regulatory CommissionA type of independent agency that makes rules that businesses must follow.Federal BureaucracyThe agencies below the cabinet department in the Executive Branch.Executive AgencyA type of independent agency that deals with specific government programsSpoils SystemSystem in which workers are given jobs in return for their political support.Merit Systemsystem in which workers are hired based on their skills and test scores.Civil service systemSystem the government uses to hire workers.CabinetThe heads of the 15 executive departments.4 properties that makeup a nation1.System of government/set of laws 2.Population of people who share common language, religions, customs, etc. 3.Clearly defined boundaries/borders 4.Sovereignty-indepent from outside control. (Must define Sovereignty!!)How a system of checks and balances workNo one branch of power has more power than another. (Ex: Congress writes a law up and the president vetoes it.)Compare Capitalism, Socialism, Communism. (Capitalism)Banks(Privately Owned) Major Industries(Privately Owned ) Medical care(Privately Owned) Transportation(Privately Owned) Small Business(Privately Owned) Private Property(Privately Owned) Social Services(Privately Owned)Compare Capitalism, Socialism, Communism. (Socialism)Banks(Government Owned) Major Industries(Government Owned) Medical Care(Government Owned) Transportation (Government Owned) Small Business(Privately Owned) Private Property(Privately Owned) Social Services(Government Owned)Compare Capitalism, Socialism, Communism. (Communism)Banks(Government Owned) Major Industries(Government Owned) Medical Care(Government Owned) Transportation(Government Owned) Small Business(Government Owned) Private Property(Government Owned) Social Services(Government Owned)Top 4 Presidential Successions1.Vice President 2.Speaker of the House 3.President Protem of the Senate 4.Secretary of StateDo executive agreements require senate approval?No they do notHow many members are in the senate?100 members, 2 senators per state, 6 year terms, must be 30How many members are in the house of representatives?435 members, 2 year terms, must be 25 years of ageWhat are the duties of a senator?To cover issues within their state and bring it to the attention of the national levelWhat are the duties of a representative?To cover issues within their local district and bring it to the attention of their stateHow does the media control public opinion?They choose which and what they want to put out to portray a certain perception to the publicRemember 5 Cabinet department namesSecretary of Commerce, Secretary of Defense, Secretary of Energy, Secretary of Homeland Security, Secretary of Health/Human ServicesWhat are 2 main duties of the vice president?To determine the president's health and step in if they are not okay & to preside (president) over the senateIf the office of vice president is vacated, who nominates a new vice president?The new president would nominate a new vice presidentWhat's an example of the president's ability to check the power of congress?Ex: President can veto a billSupreme Court Limits:1.The Supreme Court cannot enforce its rulings. 2.The Supreme Court can only rule on what is brought before it. 3.The supreme court can change an unconstitutional law by determining if it is not in line with the constitution. (Judicial review)6 Foreign Policy Tools1.Treaties and Executive Agreements 2.Tariffs 3.Sanctions and Embargoes 4.Military Force 5.Foreign Aid 6.Ambassadors